2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省廣州市海珠區(qū)高一（下）期末英語(yǔ)試卷

第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié)（共3小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

• 1．It is common to see most livestreamers sitting in front of a desk in a well-decorated room.But Zeng Qinghuan，a 30-year old from Xinhua County in Loudi，Hunan，has turned her whole village into a livestreaming set.Her goal is to use e-commerce to help her people live a better life.
     Known as "Xiangmei Xinbao" on Douyin，Zeng now has more than 3 million followers.One of her videos about traditional ways of planting and harvesting rice has attracted more than -300，000 followers.
     Zeng used to study fashion design and has worked in some big cities before.In 2019 she returned to her village to care for her sick grandmother.She then found that she could build a career there—by being a livestreamer with the help of her cousin.
     At the beginning，she didn't make any money.Zeng's parents didn't give her any support until she could stand on her own feet and help people sell their products.She has now sold local agricultural products worth tens of millions of yuan，like fermented tofu，preserved pork and dried sweet potatoes.
     "I'm a daughter of the great mountains.I can also be a contributor to rural development in these new times，" she said.
     Rural revitalization（振興）is a key part of China's 14th Five-Year Plan （2021-25）.Zeng hopes her experience can encourage more young people to return to their rural hometowns and start their own busjye.aiesses.In 2021.jye.ai she became a deputy（代表）of the Loudi Municipal People's Congress，she put forward a proposal to ensure that "each village has one，product and one livestreaming host of its own"，She plans to help cultivate 100 social media influencers from her county within three years，and two villages have taken part in the project， "I believe that the rural areas will become a big stage，and being a farmer will be seen as a respectable job too，" said Zeng.
  
  （1）What does Zeng mainly introduce on Douyin？

  
  A．Fashion trends in her village.
  B．The education in her hometown.
  C．Traditional customs of her village.
  D．Agricultural products of her hometown.
  （2）What do we know about Zeng's livestreaming career？

  
  A．It was encouraged by her sick grandmother.
  B．It inspired more local villagers to follow.
  C．It brought her a fortune as soon as it was started.
  D．It was a great success with the help of her parents.
  （3）What is Zeng going to do from the last paragraph？

  
  A．Invite more young people to her hometown.
  B．Expand her business to make more money.
  C．Train more social media influencers in her county.
  D．Produce more agricultural products to help the farmers.
  （4）Which of the following best describes Zeng？

  
  A．Responsible and modest.
  B．Gifted and faithful.
  C．Caring and fashionable.
  D．Down-to-earth and ambitious.
  （5）In which column of a newspaper will you probably find the article？

  
  A．Lifestyle.
  B．Travel.
  C．Science Study.
  D．World Today.
  組卷：10引用：4難度：0.6

  解析

• 2．Nearly 700，000 people have taken part in the world's largest wildlife survey，helping to count the numbers of wild birds in the UK.The Big Garden Birdwatch is organized every year by a charity called the Royal Society for the Protection of 'Birds （RSPB）.It is a chance for people to record the birds that visit their garden，balcony or local green space.The survey gives the RSPB a snapshot of how different types of birds are doing，and whether their populations are going up or down.
     This year more than 11 million birds were counted.The house sparrow was the most commonly-seen garden bird，with more than 1.7 million recorded sightings.However，despite hitting the top spot，its numbers are lower than in 2021.
     There was a rise in greenfinch numbers，which gives hope that the species may be recovering from a big drop in population over the last 30 years，mainly caused by disease.The survey also showed that numbers of jay，a colourful member of the crow family，have increased by 73% compared to 2021.
     Almost 60，000 schoolchildren took part in the survey，which involved spending an hour in nature counting different types of birds.Wood pigeons were the most commonly spotted by schools，with an average of eight seen by the schools that took part Blackbirds came a close second.
     The Big Garden Birdwatch has been running since 1979，providing valuable information on the welfare of the UK's wild birds for the last 43 years.The RSPB's chief executive officer.Rebecca Speight，said， "I's been brilliant 1 o see so many people taking part this year，taking time out to watch and reconnect with.jye.ai." she added. "Spring is amazing.Spring sees the return of nature's biggest music festival，the dawn chorus.Open your back door，a window or simply step outside and listen."
  
  （1）The Big Garden Birdwatch is held every year to

  .
  A．make a survey on the world's wildlife
  B．develop family relationship in the UK
  C．learn the present situation of UK's wild birds
  D．encourage people to take photos of the wild birds
  （2）What can we know about the house sparrow？

  
  A．It is usually spotted by schoolchildren.
  B．Its number decreases compared to last year.
  C．It is the most commonly-seen bird in the world.
  D．It is B colorful member of the crow family.
  （3）Rebecca Spright's words implies that

  .
  A．birds are easily watched and reconnected in spring
  B．the connection between people and nature becomes closer
  C．spring is the best time for music festivals outdoors
  D．RSPB are becoming less popular among people
  （4）What is the purpose of the passage？

  
  A．To instruct how to which the birds.
  B．To describe different kinds of birds.
  C．To argue for the protection of wild birds.
  D．To introduce a bird counting activity in the UK.
  （5）What is the author's attitude towards the activity？

  
  A．Objective.
  B．Disapproving.
  C．Positive.
  D．Unclear.
  組卷：8引用：3難度：0.6

  解析

• 3．In the Beijing Winter Olympics，we were treated to incredible displays of athletic talents as competitors took to the snow and ice.As a popular sport at the Winter Olympics，ski jumping is one of the best examples to showcase the "superhuman" power of athletes.
     Ski jumpers soar into the air and appear to be almost flying in the sky.How do they achieve this？Physics call offer us an explanation of how they make it.It involves the use of the laws of aerodynamics（空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)）to fight against gravity and increase lift while reducing drag.
     To understand how ski jumping works，we need to consider three elements：gravity，lift and drag.Gravity is the force that pulls us towards an object.Lift occurs when an object is moving through the air—as its surface comes into contact with air particles（微粒），the particles are pushed down and away from the object，allowing it to move up.At the same time，this Interaction creates drag，and slows down an object's movement.
     While there is nothing that the skiers can do about gravity，they can twist their bodies into positions that allow them to achieve greater lift and avoid as much drag as possible.According to the Smithsonian Magazine， "To do this，athletes try their best to make their skis and body nearly parallel to the ground and place their skis in a V-shape just outside the form of the body，This position increases the surface area that produces lift and puts them in the ideal angle that will also maximize（最大化）lift."
     Because of how the sport works，athletes' equipment is strictly controlled according to weight and height in order to avoid any unfair advantages.This means suits must be tight in order to ensure athletes cannot use them as a way to gain more lift.For athletes，minor day-to-day water weight changes as little as 300 grams.It can mean that suits will not be tight enough according to their body mass indexes（體重指數(shù)）.
  
  （1）What does the underlined word "It" refer to in the second paragraph？

  
  A．Ski jumping.
  B．Athletic talent.
  C．Physical science.
  D．Superhuman power.
  （2）What contributes to lift in ski jumping？

  
  A．The interaction between force and drag.
  B．The interaction between gravity and balance.
  C．The interaction between air particles and gravity.
  D．The interaction between skiers and air particles.
  （3）What should ski jumpers do in order to achieve the best performance？

  
  a.Keep their bodies and skis parallel to the ground.
  b.Change their positions as little as possible.
  c.Position their skis in a V-shape when they jump.
  d.Increase the angle as much as possible.
  A．a(chǎn)c
  B．bc
  C．cd
  D．a(chǎn)d
  （4）What is required to ensure fair play in ski jumping？

  
  A．Specially made suits.
  B．Strict control of athletes' height.
  C．Standardized equipment.
  D．Much daily water intake.
  （5）What's the main focus of the text？

  
  A．The techniques used by ski jumpers.
  B．The scientific principles behind ski jumping.
  C．Rules of the ski jumping competition.
  D．Excellent performances in ski jumping.
  組卷：9引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

• 4．China welcomed three heroic astronauts home on April 16.The re-entry module（返回艙）carrying astronauts touched down safely at the Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia autonomous region.This ended the Shenzhou XⅡ astronauts' six-month space mission.This return marks a major breakthrough for China's efforts in space. （1）

  
     Speed record
     The mission set a new speed record.The Shenzhou XⅡreturn capsule revolved around the Earth 11 times over 24 hours. （2）

  The Shenzhou XⅢ mission was simplified to only five orbits and was designed to return more efficiently，according to the Chinese Academy of Space Technology.
     （3）

  It also needed more accurate orbital calculations.This meant that when the spacecraft separated，it could quickly target the landing area，calculate the return path，and adjust its altitude，Wang Ya'nan，editor-in-chief of Beijing-based Aerospace Knowledge magazine，told the Global Times.
     Temperature control
     Another challenge for astronauts returning to Earth is traveling through the atmosphere.After the re-entry capsule enters the atmosphere，there is fierce friction（摩擦）with the air. （4）

  To solve this problem，the researchers designed a heat-resistant coating on the surface of the Shenzhou XIII return capsule.They also laid a layer of a special material that takes away the heat.
     Landing
     The re-entry capsule landed upright in the right area.Such a landing position is rare in China's space flight history. （5）

  To achieve this，astronauts must operate and let go of parachute（降落傘）with accurate timing.Landing upright is the ideal way to land，ensuring astronauts have the softest landing，Pang Zhihao，a spaceflight researcher in Beijing，told Science and Technology Daily.
  
  A.We have made great efforts to land successfully for years.
  B.Let's look at some of the technical details of the mission，
  C.Some strategies may help you better understand the mission.
  D.This approach required more precise control of the spacecraft.
  E.The surface temperature of the capsule can reach thousands of degrees.
  F.Shenzhou XⅢshortened the time to about 9 hours，orbiting Earth five times.
  G.So far，only Shenzhou VI and Shenzhou XⅢ have achieved an upright landing.
  組卷：5引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共1小題；每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 5．I have a birthday coming up soon，but I decided not to put any candles on my cake this year.I thought that 46 of them might（1）

  the icing（糖霜）or set off the smoke alarm.When I looked in the（2）

  this morning I didn't see a middle-aged man（3）

  me.Sure there was gray in the hair and wrinkles around the mouth and eyes.Yet，when I saw his（4）

  and the wrinkle in his eyes I felt as vital（有活力的）and（5）

  as I ever had.
     It is such an amazing thing that we can grow younger on the inside（6）

  we grow older on the outside.Some of the most loving，（7）

  ，and vital people I know live inside ancient bodies that have seen far better days.They have （8）

  for life.They smile often，laugh a lot，and take life one day at a time.On the inside they are far younger than I could ever（9）

  to be.They remind me that old bodies don't always（10）

  old hearts.
     I hope then that when your own（11）

  comes around，your heart will feel as（12）

  as ever.I hope that you will remember that you are not（13）

  on a calendar or candles on a cake.You are（14）

  a forever young spirit Your body may age，weaken，and（15）

  die，but you never will.
  
  

  （1）	A．remove	B．decorate	C．build	D．ruin
  （2）	A．candles	B．mirror	C．sky	D．eyes
  （3）	A．looking back at	B．catching up with	C．getting rid of	D．keeping away from
  （4）	A．smile	B．hands	C．sweat	D．tears
  （5）	A．guilty	B．romantic	C．a(chǎn)live	D．disappointed
  （6）	A．until	B．or	C．while	D．because
  （7）	A．joyous	B．pitiful	C．special	D．painful
  （8）	A．principles	B．enthusiasm	C．fear	D．plans
  （9）	A．refuse	B．wait	C．a(chǎn)gree	D．hope
  （10）	A．reason with	B．leave out	C．make for	D．wake up
  （11）	A．birthday	B．dream	C．opportunity	D．holiday
  （12）	A．quiet	B．lucky	C．young	D．close
  （13）	A．pictures	B．numbers	C．tools	D．tasks
  （14）	A．never	B．once	C．therefore	D．instead
  （15）	A．casually	B．eventually	C．unluckily	D．immediately
  組卷：8引用：3難度：0.6

  解析

第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 6．If you've got a lot of musical ideas in your head，but haven't got an instrument to help them out，well，there are plenty of websites and apps that could be useful.
      Soundwaves is a clever website where you can make music（1）

  dragging and dropping sounds into place.You can also invite friends to do it with you，（2）

  （make） tracks together over the Internet.
      Loland50 is a free site（3）

  celebrates some famous drum machines and synthesizer（電子合成器）by letting you play virtual versions of them.It may seem complicated at first sight，（4）

  actually it is just about clicking to create patterns of drums，then experimenting with virtual dials（5）

  （change） the sounds.
      If you are wanting to do more than just noodle around，software and apps such as Voicetraps and Handlab（6）

  （give） you a selection of beats，sounds and virtual instruments.They will also let you record singing or playing all by（7）

  （you）.
      Finally，Robotlax has its own music-making game（8）

  （call） Splash in which you became a virtual DJ.You can create your own tunes from its（9）

  （collect） of beats and the melodies and play them live to your friends on the dancefloor.
      Whether you are making tracks for fun or want a career in music，these tools will get you started and give you the confidence to explore（10）

  （far）.
  組卷：6引用：2難度：0.4

  解析

第三部分寫(xiě)作（共三節(jié)，滿分10分）第一節(jié)單詞拼寫(xiě)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據(jù)句子意思和中文提示完成下列句子，每空只填一個(gè)單詞。

• 7．England was

  （征服）by the Normans in 1066.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.8

  解析

• 8．After hearing that he quit the competition，my first

  （反應(yīng)）was one of shock.
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.8

  解析

• 9．The

  （氛圍）at work is fairly informal and relaxed.
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.8

  解析

第二節(jié)完成句子（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）根據(jù)中文意思，完成下列句子。將每一題的答案寫(xiě)在答題卷相應(yīng)的橫線上。

• 26．愛(ài)因斯坦為世界做出了無(wú)數(shù)的貢獻(xiàn)，最為著名的當(dāng)數(shù)廣義相對(duì)論和著名的方程式E=mc²。
  Einstein

  the world，the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc².
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

第三節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿分20分）

• 27．為提高學(xué)生美化校園的意識(shí)，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生熱愛(ài)勞動(dòng)，上周五下午你校舉辦了"美麗校園，從我做起"（Beautiful Campus Starts from Me）衛(wèi)生大掃除活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括1.參加人員；2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容：打掃體育館，整理圖書(shū)館圖示，清理校園垃圾等；3.活動(dòng)意義。
  注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
  組卷：6引用：2難度：0.3

  解析