2021-2022學(xué)年江蘇省南京師大附中高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分5分）第一節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
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1．What does the man suggest the woman do？
A.Go on a trip.
B.Watch a play.
C.Spend time with friends.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.0 -
2．How does the man know Greg？
A.He is Greg's classmate.
B.He met Greg in Sweden.
C.He teaches Greg physics.組卷：0引用：2難度：0.9 -
3．Which of the following probably benefited from the show？
A.A charity.
B.A school.
C.A music group.組卷：1引用：2難度：0.9 -
4．What is the woman probably doing？
A.Working out.
B.Revising an essay.
C.Writing a program.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.0 -
5．Where are the speakers？
A.At a supermarket.
B.At a flower shop.
C.At a drugstore.組卷：0引用：2難度：0.0
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
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6．（1）What will the woman do for Thanksgiving.
A. Work at a store.
B. Go to her grandparents' house.
C. Attend a festival in the evening.
（2）Why does the man refuse the woman's offer？
A. He will be out of energy.
B. He doesn't want to cook.
C. He received an invitation elsewhere.組卷：0引用：3難度：0.0 -
7．（1）How tall is Judy now？
A.43 inches.
B.48 inches.
C.50 inches.
（2）What do we know about Danny？
A.He is older than Judy.
B.He is the tallest in his class.
C.He is growing faster than Judy.
（3）What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A.Brother and sister.
B.Husband and wife.
C.Father and daughter.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.0 -
8．（1）With whom did the man climb the mountain？
A.His wife.
B.His mother.
C.His daughter.
（2）What was the most difficult part on the mountain according to the man？
A.Climbing over the small rocks.
B.Walking through the deep snow.
C.Skating across the dangerous ice.
（3）How long does it take most people to climb up and down the mountain？
A.6 hours.
B.12 hours.
C.15 hours.組卷：2引用：1難度：0.0 -
9．（1）What are the speakers mainly talking about？
A.An apartment.
B.A problem.
C.A report.
（2）What happened to the dryer two weeks ago？
A.It stopped working.
B.It came into service.
C.It functioned improperly.
（3）How much do people pay for drying each time now？
A. ＄2.
B. ＄3.
C. ＄4.
（4）What might Joe do？
A.Block the air flow.
B.Repair all the dryers.
C.Replace the fourth dryer.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.0 -
10．（1）What do participants do in the event？
A.Hold up their hands.
B.Crowd around the tower.
C.Stand on each other's shoulders.
（2）What is the important job of the audience？
A.Protect the participants.
B.Cheer for the participants.
C.Decide each participant's level.
（3）What is the purpose of the event？
A.To show strength.
B.To break a record.
C.To build teamwork.組卷：1引用：1難度：0.0
第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié) （共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
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11．In the long history of humans，women's stories have often been overlooked.Yet as modern society has allowed women to speak for themselves，more and more women are standing up to choose how to live their lives.Here are five powerful films that just might inspire you to re-imagine what it means to be a woman.
Hi，Mom （2021）
Directed by Chinese comedian Jia Ling，this heartwarming comedy，about a woman who accidentally meets her mother during time travel，became a hit with audiences this year，leading the mainland box office right after Chinese New Year.The success of the movie also became a milestone to mark the growth of "She power" in the man-dominated film industry in the last decade.
Leap （2020）
This 2020 film about the Chinese national women's volleyball team presents their history from 1981，when they won the Women's World Cup，to the year 2016.Actress Gong Li stars as the legendary volleyball player Lang Ping，and Peter Chen from Hong Kong is the director.
The Joy Luck Club （1993）
Based on Amy Tan's 1989 best-selling novel The Joy Luck Club，Chinese director Wang Ying tells the stories of four women who were born in China and eventually came to America，and of their daughters.The misunderstanding and arguments between mothers and daughters will most likely never go away.They also reflect the conflict between traditional Chinese culture and American culture.
Coco Avant Chanel （2009）
The life of Coco Chanel serves as a guide to all women wishing to establish their own careers.Audrey Tautou，famous for her iconic performance in Amelie，stars as the glorious French fashion designer.It is French director Anne Fontaine's most famous film.
（1）What do the four films have in common？
A．They speak highly of great mothers.
B．They support women's fight for equality.
C．They give an insight into the world of women.
D．They make the actress become famous worldwide.
（2）Which film concerns the generation gap？
A．Hi，Mom
B．Leap
C．The Joy Luck Club
D．Coco Avant Chanel組卷：11引用：1難度：0.4 -
12．Our house was across the street from a hospital.We rented the upstairs rooms to outpatients at the clinic.One summer evening as I was preparing supper，there was a knock at the door.I opened it to see a truly awful looking man hardly taller than my eight-year-old daughter.
But the frightening thing was his swollen face.He told me that he'd been hunting for a room since noon but no one seemed to have a room.For a moment I hesitated，but his next words convinced me："I could sleep on the porch（門廊）.My bus leaves early in the morning."
I went inside and finished getting supper.When we were ready，I asked him to join us. "No，thank you.I have plenty." And he held up a brown paper bag.When I had finished the dishes，I went out to talk with him for a few minutes.
He told me he fished for a living to support his daughter，who was hopelessly disabled，and her five children.He didn't tell it by way of complaint；in fact，he was grateful that no pain accompanied his disease.He thanked life for giving him the strength to keep going.
At bedtime，we put a small camp bed in the children's room for him.When I got up in the morning，the bed linens were neatly folded and the little man was out on the porch.He refused breakfast，but just before he left，he smiled，"Your children made me feel at home.Grownups are bothered by my face，but children don't seem to mind." I told him he was welcome to come again.
In the years he came to stay overnight with us there was never a time that he did not bring us fish or vegetables.Other times we received packages.Knowing that he must walk three miles to mail these，and knowing how little money he had made the gifts more precious.I know our family always will be grateful to have known him；from him we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the good with gratitude.
（1）What led to the old man's failure to get a room before？
A．His ugly appearance.
B．His fishing job.
C．His disabled daughter.
D．His lack of money.
（2）What can we learn about the old man？
A．He often took his daughter to hospital.
B．He suffered great pain due to his disease.
C．He took great trouble to send the author gifts.
D．He often came to offer the author help from then on.
（3）What is the best title of the text？
A．A precious gift.
B．A caring family.
C．A generous fisherman.
D．An unspoken complaint.組卷：15引用：1難度：0.7 -
13．They asked Katherine Johnson for the moon，and she gave it to them.With little more than a pencil，a ruler and one of the finest mathematical minds in the country，Mrs.Johnson，who died at 101 on Monday，calculated（計(jì)算）the track that would let Apollo 11 land on the moon in 1969 and，after Neil Armstrong's history - making moonwalk，let it return to Earth.
Yet throughout Mrs.Johnson's 33 years in NASA and for decades afterwards，almost no one knew her name.
Mrs.Johnson was one of several hundred strictly educated，extremely capable yet largely unrecognized women who，well before the modern feminist（女權(quán)）movement，worked as NASA mathematicians.But it was not only her sex that kept her long unsung.For some years at mid-century，the black women were forced to a double segregation （隔離）：They were kept separate from the much large group of white women who in turn were segregated from the mathematicians and engineers.
Mrs.Johnson broke barriers at NASA.In old age，Mrs.Johnson became the most celebrated of black women who served as mathematicians for the space agency.Their story was told in the 2016 Hollywood film "Hidden Figures，" which was nominated（提名） for three Oscars，including Best Picture.
In 2017，NASA devoted a building in her honor.That year，The Washington Post described her as "the most celebrated of the computers" - "computers" being the term originally used to describe Mrs.Johnson and her colleagues，much as "typewriters" were used in the 19th century to represent professional typists.
She "helped our nation enlarge the frontiers of space，" NASA's administrator，Jim Bridenstine，said in a statement on Monday，"even as she made huge steps that also opened doors for women and people of color in the universal human effort to explore space."
As Mrs.Johnson herself was fond of saying，her term at Langley - from 1953 until her retirement in 1986 - was "a time when computers wore skirts."
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about？
A．Neil Armstrong's moonwalk.
B．Katherine Johnson's contributions
C．The Apollo 11 mission to the moon.
D．Breakthroughs in moon exploration.
（2）Why were Mrs.Johnson described as "computers"？
A．She helped invent the computer.
B．She was NASA's human calculator.
C．She calculated the track with computers.
D．She was quite capable of using computers.
（3）What can we learn from Mrs.Johnson's experience？
A．Change the world for the better.
B．Use knowledge to wipe out ignorance.
C．Don't judge a person by his appearance.
D．Never be limited by the labels given by others.組卷：15引用：1難度：0.6 -
14．A little social support from your best friends goes a long way，whether you're a human or a chimp（黑猩猩）.A new study that followed a chimp community in the forests of Uganda has found that quality time with close companions significantly decreased stress hormone（荷爾蒙）levels-whether they were resting，cleaning or facing off against enemies.
Researchers have long known that stress can worsen health and raise the risk of early death in humans as well as other social mammals. "It can have effects on immune function，cognition，and even your mood，" said study co-author Kevin Langergraber，a scientist at Arizona State University.
Maintaining close social bonds can help these animals reduce some of that stress，potentially reducing some health risks.But scientists have yet to work out how. "Social bonds make you survive and produce better-but how do they do that？" Langergraber said.
To find out，the international team of researchers studied members of a chimp community in Uganda's Budongo Forest，a group of 15 males，35 females and 28 young chimps.Like humans，chimps tend to have besties-bond partners with whom they appear to feel close.The researchers wanted to see whether interactions with these bond partners led to lower stress levels during particularly stressful situations，such as when fighting enemies，or whether time spent with friends helped lower stress levels more generally，throughout the day.
The scientists observed the chimps perform three types of activities：resting，cleaning or fighting with other groups of chimps.The researchers kept track of whether the chimps were doing any of these three things with their bond partners or with other chimps in their group.
A team of up to six observers watched the chimps and followed them around to collect urine（尿液）samples.The samples，collected from nine adult male and eight adult female chimps，were tested to see how much of the stress hormone they contained.
The scientists found that chimps' levels were 23% lower，on average，during the activities when they were with their bond partner.This was especially true for stressful activities，such as the intergroup rivalries，where any chimp on the front line might face physical harm or even death.
The findings in chimps，some of our closest living relatives，could shed light on the role such close social relationships play in human health too，he said.Such friendships may be just as important during good times as bad-though more research needs to be done before any conclusions can be drawn.
（1）How did the scientists carry out their research？
A．By interacting with chimps.
B．By studying a chimp community.
C．By analyzing previous studies on chimps.
D．By comparing chimps' three types of activities.
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to？
A．Observers.
B．Chimps.
C．Bond partners.
D．Urine samples.
（3）What's the author's purpose in writing the text？
A．To emphasize the bad effects of stress on health.
B．To show us how chimps control their stress level.
C．To inform us friendships benefit both chimps and humans.
D．To urge scientists to further study the benefits of friendships.組卷：14引用：1難度：0.7 -
15．The first time I questioned the traditional wisdom on the nature of a healthy diet，it was 40 years ago，and the subject was salt.Researchers found that salt supplementation（補(bǔ)充）was unnecessary after exercise，and this advice was passed on by health reporters.I recalled high school football practices in hot days.Without salt pills，I couldn't make it through a two-hour practice.
Although sports nutritionists have recommended consuming more salt when we sweat hard in physical activity，the message that we should avoid salt at all other times remains strong.And salt is still considered deadly.
So why have we been told that salt is so deadly？The advice has always sounded reasonable：Eat more salt，and your body keeps water to maintain a stable concentration of sodium（鈉）in your blood.This is why salty food might make us thirsty：We drink more；we keep water.The result can be a temporary increase in blood pressure.The scientific question is whether this temporary phenomenon leads to permanent problems：If we eat too much salt for years，does it cause high blood pressure，and then kill us？It makes sense，but it's only a hypothesis（假設(shè)），which hasn't been proved but unfortunately accepted as a fact.
In reality，eating less salt can worsen health.Decades ago，Italian researchers' study reported that reducing salt consumption increased the risk of dying early and that reducing sodium to a government-recommended "safe upper limit" is actually harmful.
Supporters of the eat-less-salt campaign（運(yùn)動(dòng)）tend to deal with this opposing evidence（證據(jù)）by implying that anyone raising it is a shill（同謀） for the food industry（widely criticized for adding salt to processed foods to improver taste）.When several government agencies held a hearing last November to discuss how to ensure Americans eat less salt，anti-salt supporters argued that the latest reports suggesting damage from lower-salt diets should simply be ignored.This attitude，which lacks respect for science，has been held for the anti-salt campaign for decades.Maybe now is the time for it to change.
（1）The underlined phrase in paragraph 1 refers to the belief that.
A．people should take in salt after exercise
B．salt intake was needless after physical activity
C．salt pills were helpful during football practices
D．a(chǎn) healthy diet does not necessarily include enough salt
（2）What does the Italian researchers' study show？
A．Eating less salt can harm our health.
B．Eating too much salt raises blood pressure.
C．We should try to avoid salt on a daily basis.
D．We should follow the recommended "safe upper limit".
（3）What do the eat-less-salt campaigners do with the opposing evidence？
A．They treat it with some respect.
B．They report it to the government agencies.
C．They do scientific experiments to support it.
D．They suggest that the food industry is behind it.
（4）What is the writer's attitude towards the anti-salt campaign？
A．Supportive.
B．Unconcerned.
C．Puzzled.
D．Negative.組卷：16引用：1難度：0.7
第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題12.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并涂在答題卡上，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
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16．Made out of thin air The world has experienced a lot of extreme weather this year due to climate change，which carbon emissions are believed to be most responsible for.（1）
Meat made from air
It is hard to imagine that food consisting of protein could be produced from CO2，but that is exactly what Solar Foods is working on.To create the protein，the company uses renewable energy to split water cells into hydrogen and oxygen.（2）This is fed to microbes（微生物），which in turn create an eatable food，according to science website Futurism.This process makes alternative protein 100 times more climate- friendly than other sources of protein，the company said.
（3）
What about wearing a pair of shoes made of carbon emissions？On Running，a Swiss sports shoe brand，is trying to make foam（泡沫）for its shoes from captured carbon.In November，it announced it was teaming up with US-based company LanzaTech to make ethanol（乙醇）out of waste CO2，which would otherwise be burned，releasing CO2.On Running hopes to produce its first pair of shoes made wholly from carbon sometime next year. （4）
Turning CO2 into perfume
What is the smell of a perfume made from CO2？New York-based startup Air Company is selling perfume made from CO2.Perfume has an alcohol base.When mixed with a bit of water and fragrance（芳香）oil，it becomes perfume.Ethanol is widely used in perfume production because it has a neutral smell.This means you only smell the oil. （5）And with the addition of water and fragrance oil，you get perfume made mainly from air.
A.Running on foam
B.Stepping on carbon
C.This kind of fragrance oil is made from CO2 by Air Company.
D.Then it mixes the hydrogen with CO2 and adds other nutrients.
E.They are expected to not cost much more than a regular pair of shoes.
F.To solve the problem，capturing and reusing CO2 is an option for tech companies.
G.What Air Company is able to do is transform CO2 into a very pure form of ethanol.組卷：24引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分15分）完形填空（共1小題：每小題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
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17．It was a summer vacation，and I was at a zoo with my family.Because of my extremely pointy nose，when we（1）
a group of flamingos（火烈鳥）standing around a pond，my brother shouted at me，"Hey，look!Your real（2）!" Then they asked me to stand in front of my new-found relatives. "Now turn your face to the（3），sweetie，" my mother shot a picture.
When I was 14，the performer Ashlee Simpson got a（4）nose job.I looked at her before-and-after pictures，and I was（5）to get one for myself.I told this to my mom but she disapproved.When I（6）her to take me to see a plastic surgeon，she would say，"If you believe you're beautiful，people will see you that way."
She must have had enough of me，（7）she finally agreed to book me an appointment.Full of（8），I walked into the doctor's office.He turned my head up and down while a nurse took a photo of my face.The doctor played around with my nose's appearance with the computer.（9），he showed me his finished work.I had seen that nose on so many other people and I（10）the person looking back at me on that screen.I made excuses to get out of making another appointment and excited the office，never（11）a nose job again.
Looking at the old photo，I'm smiling with（12）.Had I had that plastic surgery，I would definitely lose my（13）and uniqueness.My mom's words consistently serve as a（14）that don't let appearance cast a shadow on our confidence and we should learn to（15）and love who we are.（1） A．caught B．spotted C．left D．imagined （2） A．friends B．self C．sisters D．family （3） A．side B．back C．front D．end （4） A．stable B．professional C．fantastic D．smooth （5） A．frightened B．shocked C．determined D．pleased （6） A．begged B．persuaded C．a(chǎn)dvised D．invited （7） A．though B．for C．until D．yet （8） A．expectation B．curiosity C．concern D．doubt （9） A．Generally B．Gradually C．Fortunately D．Finally （10） A．missed B．hated C．treasured D．equalled （11） A．repairing B．performing C．mentioning D．stressing （12） A．relief B．regret C．satisfaction D．pride （13） A．quality B．individuality C．a(chǎn)dvantage D．value （14） A．proposal B．notice C．sigh D．reminder （15） A．realize B．remember C．understand D．a(chǎn)ccept 組卷：23引用：2難度：0.2
第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
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18．With the Chinese New Year less than a month away，people are getting ready to welcome the Year of the Tiger.
Do you know anyone born in the Year of the Tiger？Are they always independent and（1）（energy）？Do they have a keen sense of justice？If so，then they are typical "tiger".They like to act alone and always seem to have endless energy.When（2）（face）with justices，（3）against themselves or others，you can be sure Tigers will not stand aside.
In Chinese culture，tigers are regarded as fearless creatures，so that's（4）in China you can see images of tigers on the walls of temples and houses to ward off disasters and danger.
Tigers have（5）important cultural significance not just in China，but across Asia.In the book Life of Pie，Canadian writer Yann Martel chose a tiger as the partner for Indian boy Pi on his （6）（survive） adventure in the Pacific Ocean.
Tigers are also one of my favorite animals.I first（7）（learn）about the beauty of tigers as a child，while （8）（watch）animal documents.My most precious toy while growing up was my toy tiger，（9）I still treasure dearly to this day.I love it that China has its animal zodiac system as it shows the connection，understanding and respect that humans can have（10）animals.組卷：28引用：1難度：0.6
第三節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下列句子并根據(jù)句意用恰當(dāng)詞填空，每空一詞。
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19．We'll reach the sales targets in a month
we set at the beginning of the year.組卷：36引用：3難度：0.6 -
20．She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students
allows them to communicate freely with each other．組卷：25引用：7難度：0.8 -
21．The villagers，all of
houses had been damaged by the fire，were given help by the Red Cross.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）組卷：29引用：2難度：0.7
第三節(jié) 翻譯句子（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下列句子并用所給詞匯或根據(jù)要求將其翻譯成英文。
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62．無(wú)論代價(jià)如何，我們都要重視保護(hù)環(huán)境。（whatever，attach） （漢譯英）
組卷：10引用：1難度：0.8 -
63．這位導(dǎo)演寧愿讓演員在外景表演，而不愿在電腦幫助下拍攝那些場(chǎng)景。（漢譯英）
組卷：6引用：1難度：0.6