2020年北京市清華大學(xué)中學(xué)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)學(xué)術(shù)能力診斷性英語試卷（1月份）
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題9分，滿分45分）
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1．Four of the Oldest Buildings in the World
Knap of Howar
One of the oldest buildings in the world is the Knap of Howar，which dates back to 3700-3500 BCE．The farmhouse is one of the oldest，still-standing stone houses in Europe．It includes two stone homes linked through a hidden passage and joint walls．Archaeologists say Irish or Scottish monks could be the first builders and residents of the Knap of Howar．Although the house is still standing，these abandoned places around the world are better candidates for restoration．
?gantija Temples
The Megalithic Temples of Malta，or the ?gantija Temples，date back to 3600 to 3200 BCE．The two temples on the island of Malta are UNESCO World Heritage sites．It's one of the oldest free-standing monuments in the world．Archaeologists think the temple was used for ritual animal sacrifices．
Shunet el-Zebib
Shunet el-Zebib is partially standing，but mostly in ruins．It's still，however，one of the oldest buildings in the world．The Egyptian temple built in 2750 BCE is of mud and brick．It has an underground tomb as well as an above-ground complex．Architecturally，it's a nod to the Egyptian pyramids soon to come．
Tomb of Cyrus
Built in 530 BCE，the Tomb of Cyrus is one of Iran's World Heritage Sites and one of the oldest buildings on the planet．It's also believed to be one of the first earthquake-protected structures in the world，according to Atlas Obscura．The base isolating used on the tomb protects the main structure from moving apart from the foundation．
（1）What do the four buildings have in common？
A．All of them are located in Europe．
B．All of them are made of stone and mud
C．All of them are UNESCO World Heritage Sites．
D．All of them were built before the birth of Christ．
（2）Which of the four buildings may be the strongest？
A．Knap of Howar．
B．?gantija Temples．
C．Shunet el-Zebib．
D．Tomb of Cyrus．
（3）Which of the following is True according to the passage？
A．Shunet el-Zebib is earthquake protected．
B．Tomb of Cyrus has an underground tomb．
C．?gantija Temples are built by Irish monks．
D．Knap of Howar may be the oldest building among the four．組卷：19引用：1難度：0.5 -
2．In the summer of 2010，Deborah Barrett and her son，Anthony，walked out of a restaurant near the Edmonton high school from which he'd graduated two years earlier．They had volunteered to wash dishes there to give Anthony something to do，but when they went out，the sun sliced through the clouds and Deborah had a realization：my kid is not spending his life in a dish pit．
Cleaning plates isn't the only option for high-school graduates．But Anthony has autism（自閉癥）and is mostly non-verbal，aside from short words in answer to yes-or-no questions and the Eeeee sounds he makes when he's excited，happy or frustrated．Once a person with intellectual disabilities ages out of school，"There's no life for them，" Deborah says．Programs end，and jobs are usually humble．
As her son entered his 20s，Deborah thought about what he could do and what he enjoyed．Among his likes：being driven around and carrying things，as well as seeing new places but not staying long．Maybe he could be a courier？The catch：Anthony doesn't move fast，and courier jobs would require his support staff to be his driver and co-worker．
That wasn't an issue for Mike Hamm．In 2012，he became Anthony's new assistant and embraced the plan of spending part of their days delivering packages as a team．The pair called their venture Anthony at Your Service，signed a few customers and set out in Hamm's lorry．
Seven years later，boxes awaiting distribution are piled on the porch of the home．Anthony，30，shares with Deborah and her husband，David，a lawyer．The company now has two-dozen delivery teams - each comprising a contractor with an intellectual disability and their support-worker contractor - in Edmonton and Calgary．
Launching a company that employs 24 contractors with intellectual disabilities，and all the logistics that come along with that，wasn't the original plan，Deborah says．But the realities of delivery work - the peaks and valleys in demand，the long hours - meant that Anthony and Hamm couldn't shoulder the load alone．And the feedback she received from Alberta's autistic and intellectually disabled communities suggested they wanted to work for a company that understood them．
Running Anthony at Your Service has become Deborah's full-time，and she gave up her psychotherapy practice and the presidency of Autism Society Alberta a couple years ago． "What I'm doing for Anthony now has made more difference in his life than any of that other work，" she says． "We want to create jobs for people with all kinds of abilities and disabilities．"
（1）What's the future of the persons with intellectual disabilities according to Deborah？
A．They will lose their lives．
B．They will get well-paid jobs．
C．They will clean plates in restaurants．
D．They will find it hard to find a decent job．
（2）What does the underlined word "courier" mean in the 3rd paragraph？
A．Accountant．
B．Barber．
C．Deliveryman．
D．Engineer．
（3）What can be inferred from the passage？
A．David launched the company for his son．
B．Anthony's contractors are mainly disabled．
C．Deborah gave up her original job unwillingly．
D．Mike Hamm is an intellectually disabled person．
（4）Which of the following words can best describe Deborah Barrett？
A．Accessible．
B．Caring．
C．Humorous．
D．Modest．組卷：24引用：1難度：0.5 -
3．Jellyfish are unusual creatures．They're neither fish nor jelly．Some are among the most colourful creatures in the world，but it's best to look but not touch these invertebrates（無脊椎動物）．Not only are they very fragile creatures，but many give a painful sting，and some are even deadly．Whether you admire them in an aquarium or try to avoid them in the wild，you won't be able to get these fascinating jellyfish facts out of your head．
Here's a jellyfish fact that might come in handy：There are several names for a group of jellyfish．They include smack，bloom，and swarm．Choose the word you prefer depending on whether you think the jellyfish pack looks like a garden of blooming flowers or more like a frightening pack of stingers，and whether you're admiring them at an aquarium or if you and your fellow snorkelers are surrounded．
Jellyfish have two main forms in their life cycle that look quite different from each other．Scientific American explains that an adult jellyfish，called a medusa，has a bell-shaped body with tentacles（觸須）flowing down below it．Young jellyfish，called polyps，look more like sea anemones，with shorter tentacles that flow up above the main body．Medusas reproduce by releasing eggs．
Melanie Roberts，Senior Aquarist at SeaWorld Orlando，says that the largest jellyfish in the world is a lion's mane jellyfish．The body of this beautiful orange jelly can grow up to three feet in diameter．With its 12，000 tentacles that can grow 120 feet long，Oceana．org adds that the lion's mane jelly compares in size to the planet's largest animal：the blue whale．
Regardless of their size，jellyfish are mostly made of water．In fact，they're about 95 per cent water．These creatures don't have brains，blood，or bones．And most jellyfish don't have eyes．Jellyfish also use their mouths both for eating and for waste removal．
（1）Why can't we touch jellyfish？
A．Because they may be stung．
B．Because they may die easily．
C．Because they may feel painful．
D．Because they may hurt people．
（2）What are jellyfish named after？
A．Its size．
B．Its color．
C．Its appearance．
D．Its lifestyle．
（3）What can we learn from the passage？
A．Mouth is an important organ for jellyfish．
B．Polyps can clone themselves by laying eggs．
C．The largest jellyfish in the world is 120 feet long．
D．Medusas have tentacles flowing up above the body．
（4）What can be the best title of the passage？
A．Several facts about jellyfish．
B．The two main forms of jellyfish．
C．Jellyfish are neither fish nor jelly．
D．Jellyfish have many different names．組卷：27引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分10分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共1小題；每小題l分，滿分10分）
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8．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10 處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改 10 處，多者（從第 11 處起）不計分．
With the environment pollution became more and more serious， everyone should act to save the earth．To protect our environment， there are many things we can do it． First， it is of great important to raise the awareness of environmental protection． Addition， we can begin from very little things in your daily life． For example， we should not litter and spit or the garbage should be sorted． Finally， more and more people should be involving in the activity． We should use recycled bags instead of plastic ones． And riding bicycles is good choice． Not only should we go green， what calls on us to use environment-friendly products， but also we should persuade more people around us to develop renewable resource．組卷：7引用：1難度：0.5
第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）
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9．假如你是高三學(xué)生李華，請你寫一封邀請信，邀請著名學(xué)者 Gavin Black 來學(xué)校開展主題為"關(guān)于中國傳統(tǒng)文化對影視劇的重要影響"的講座，內(nèi)容要點如下：
1．講座主題：傳統(tǒng)文化對影視劇的重要影響；
2．講座對象：本校學(xué)生；
3．講座時間：10 月 30 日上午 10 點；
4．講座地點：學(xué)校禮堂．
注意：1．字?jǐn)?shù) 100 左右；
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫．組卷：7引用：1難度：0.5