人教版（2019）必修3《Unit 4 Space Exploration》2022年同步練習(xí)卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié) （共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
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1．Do women make BETTER astronauts？Russia locks an all-female crew in a space simulator（太空模擬器） for eight days to find out.Six Russian women have been sent into a spaceship to begin a unique experiment testing how an all-female crew would relate to others on a trip to the Moon and back.
"It's interesting for us to see what is special about the way a female crew communicates，" said Sergei Ponomaryov，the experiment's leader. "It will be particularly interesting in terms of psychology，" said the institute's director Igor Ushakov. "I'd like to wish you a lack of conflicts，even though they say that in one kitchen，two housewives find it hard to live together，" he added.
The volunteers include scientific researchers，a doctor and a psychologist.The test period simulates（模仿） a flight to the Moon and back，with the women carrying out 10 experiments covering psychology and human biology.Russia sent the first woman into space，Valentina Tereshkova，in 1963 but has fallen behind since.Last year，it sent its fourth female astronaut into space，Yelena Serova.Serova complained of a great deal of media interest in how she would wash her hair aboard the International Space Station，pointing out that male astronauts did not face the same line of questioning.
The women found themselves fielding questions at a press conference about how they would act without men or makeup for eight days. "We are very beautiful without makeup，" said participant Darya Komissarova.Her colleague Anna Kussmaul was more direct： "We are doing work.When you're doing your work，you don't think about men and women." They plan to spend their 11/2 hours per day of free time watching films，reading and playing board games.Team leader Yelena Luchnitskaya said she expected the women to deal with any conflict.
（1）In which column can you find this passage on a website？
A．Education.
B．Entertainment.
C．Science.
D．Economy.
（2）What's the purpose of the experiment？
A．To show that women can do better than men.
B．To test whether women can be good astronauts.
C．To gather information about the conditions in space.
D．To measure the distance from the earth to the moon.
（3）What do we know from what Igor Ushakov said？
A．Women cannot live peacefully in space at all.
B．There may be conflicts among the women astronauts.
C．The female crew will deal with each other in a new way.
D．Being in the same kitchen helps the women live together.組卷：10引用：1難度：0.5 -
2．Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets（彗星） which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However，Halley had a friend named Newton，who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem，but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the.jye.ai of an ellipse（橢圓）.
Now Halley set to work.He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531，1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley.The different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets，as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea!Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction（預(yù)言） of what the comet would happen in the future.He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it.jye.ai he has died some years before.Ever since then that comet has been called Halley's comet，in his honour.
（1）Halley made his discovery.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the work of other scientists
D．by chance
（2）Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year.
A．1704
B．1705
C．1706
D．1707
（3）This passage in general is about.
A．Halley and other scientists
B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley
D．Halley and his discovery
（4）Which of the following is TRUE？
A．Newton was a famous mathematician.
B．Halley made his discovery by doing experiments.
C．Edmund Halley was an American scientist.
D．The orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.組卷：38引用：3難度：0.5 -
3．"Hello，Earth!Can you hear me？" That's the voice more than 400，000 people received recently.It was from Philae，a space vehicle that landed on a comet in 2014.However，its transmissions（傳送信號(hào)） back home went silent since then.
It took a long time for Philae to make its way across the solar system and reach comet 67 P/CG.The space vehicle got there aboard the Rosetta probe（探測(cè)器），which has been circling around the comet since Philae separated from it in November，2014.
Philae's job was to collect materials to study the comet's composition.And for about two and a half days after landing，it did just that，sending the information back to scientists on Earth.But Philae's landing on the comet's icy surface had not been smooth.While touching down，it jumped up and ended up in the shadow of something like a huge rock.Philae runs on solar power，but there was no light in the place where it landed.In the end lit failed to work.
However，as comet 67 F/CG moved closer to the Sun，more sunlight reached the space vehicle，allowing it to power up and come back online.Philae then sent something to Rosetta，which passed on the information back to Earth.
"We only received the information for about 85 seconds，but that's enough to let us know it is alive and well，" says Stephan Ulamec，who works for the European Space Agency. "We hope to work out where it landed exactly on the 4-kilometre-wide comet.Now we plan to change how Rosetta moves so that Philae can keep on communicating and receiving instructions."
（1）Hearing Philae's voice，those people must have felt.
A．a(chǎn)fraid
B．calm
C．excited
D．worried
（2）According to the text，Philae.
A．was damaged when it landed
B．moved around comet 67 P/CG
C．needs light and gas to keep working
D．helps scientists learn about a comet
（3）What Stephan says in the text suggests that.
A．Rosetta will move around another comet
B．Philae will continue to work for scientists
C．most comets are as wide as four kilometres
D．he wonders whether Philae is still alive
（4）What does the author mainly talk about in the text？
A．A sleeping space vehicle wakes up.
B．It is very dangerous to travel in space.
C．A new comet was discovered recently.
D．Philae was sent into space successfully.組卷：15引用：1難度：0.5
第三部分 寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) （滿分15分）
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8．你校英文報(bào)的Astronomy欄目正在舉辦征文比賽，你寒假參加過(guò)王教授在你市科技博物館舉辦的天文知 識(shí)講座。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)自己的經(jīng)歷寫(xiě)一篇短文給該報(bào)投稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1.參加講座的經(jīng)歷；
2.參加講座后的心得體會(huì)。
注意：
1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯：講座lecture
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第二節(jié) （滿分25分）
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9．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
Sam Watts was a 37-year-old fisherman living and working in Canada.One day，Sam planned to head out into the Pacific at 9 am and work straight through until 5 pm the next day.Joining Sam would be his crewman （船員），24-year-old Pom Ruck.
Although Sam had been warned that a storm was coming，there was little that would keep him from going.As he sailed through the waves about 120 kilometres from land，Sam let out his three-kilometre-long fishing line.The storm was gaining strength on land but had yet to reach the men far offshore（離岸的）.After a while，that changed around where he was.Waves rocked the small boat，which began to turn sideways like an amusement park ride， "Get us out of here!" Tom screamed to Sam. "Let's go back!"
With the winds and waves kicking up，the boat began to fill with water.Sam and Tom tried to pull in the ?fishing line together，but the high waves filled the boat with more water，forcing Sam to make a hard decision.He cut the line，losing thousands of dollars worth of equipment and fish in the sea.He then pointed the boat towards a port five hours away.Sam then called his boss，William Fox，to report his position.
With dawn coming，Sam spotted the rise of the mountains on the horizon（地平線）.He was figuring out a route through the dangerous waters when suddenly the motor stopped. "I couldn't believe it，" Sam said. "We were 24 kilometres off the coast，and the motor died. " High waves raised and dropped the boat，sending the men crashing into the sides. "William，William!" Sam yelled into the radio. "If you're coming to get me，come now!"
"We're coming!" William shouted back.
Paragraph 1：
Shortly after，the radio died and the wind continued to blow straight offshore，driving the men farther out to sea._________
Paragraph 2 ：
The next morning，Sam spotted a fishing boat in the distance.__________組卷：6引用：2難度：0.3