2018-2019學年黑龍江省哈爾濱師大附中高一（下）開學英語試卷

第一部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié) （每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項．

• 1．With the crazy smog going on in China，businessmen are now ready to grope for your wallet． "Smog economy" is stimulating a shopping spree on certain products against the terrible weather．Now let's see what we have on the list to help us through the crisis．
  1．Masks
     Well，I would say you had better stay indoors to save your lives．PM 2.5 just surged up to 750 in Beijing recently．3 M just sold 220，000 masks of a kind．No.1 best-selling products!
  2．Air purifiers
     This kind of products is rarely seen in Chinese households in the past．They have become a necessity now．I do like these little gadgets，but they are just too expensive．
  3．Oxygen inhalers
     I didn't realize oxygen inhalers also get a cut in the smog economy．As a matter of fact，your oxygen uptake has nothing to with relieving （減輕） the impact of smog．It might even lead to oxygen poisoning when you inhale too much oxygen．So don't get greedy．
  4．Salt lamps
     Compared to oxygen inhalers，salt lamps are even worse．Some stores are selling the products at several hundred yuan，saying that they can release negative ions （離子），reduce radiation levels and purify the air．The lamps mainly contain sodium chloride．The boiling point of sodium is about 800 degrees centigrade and that of candle is 500．So how on earth can negative ions be released at only 500 degrees？
  5．Plants that absorb smog
     Yeah，right．Plants Vs Smog．It is scientifically justified （證明） that some plants do absorb pollutants from the air．Money plants and calla lilies are among the best-sellers in the market．Even if they don't work，it's good to have some plants in the house anyway．
  
  （1）According to the passage，smog

  ．
  A．gives some economic chances to businessmen
  B．is very bad to economy
  C．makes some crisis come out
  D．has nothing to do with the economy
  （2）What is the meaning of the underlined word "spree" in Paragraph 1？

  
  A．Giving up shopping．
  B．Feeling down in shopping．
  C．Having a lot to buy．
  D．Buying something enthusiastically．
  （3）Salt lamps are useless，because

  ．
  A．it may cause poisoning
  B．it actually can't release the negative ions
  C．it reduces radiation level and makes the air dirty
  D．the prize is very high
  （4）How many ways does the author think are useful？

  
  A．2．
  B．3．
  C．4．
  D．5．
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．A British shopper，Emma Mumford，who was named "the Coupon （優(yōu)惠券） Queen" has spent just ￡350 on a luxury （奢侈） Christmas for her and her family-but got ￡2，500 worth of food，drink and presents thanks to coupons and offers．
     Ms Mumford is a so-called "extreme couponer" and spends hours hunting out the best deals and bargains．She has been preparing for this Christmas since the end of the last one．Ms Mumford made the huge savings by checking price comparison websites and as a result collected more presents than she needed for Christmas．After sorting out gifts for all of her family，she has even been able to donate ￡1，000 worth of presents to her local hospital．
     "It has been so nice to have Christmas sorted and not having to worry about breaking the bank．I wanted to get high quality presents for my family and show that you can do it without spending a fortune．There is a misconception that everyone who does couponing only gets value products but through my careful shopping I have managed to purchase designer perfumes （香水），a high-end coffee machine．" she explained．
     She said "What started as a hobby to help me save money has turned into my life and I am able to run a business helping people save money．I know what it feels like to struggle as my ex-partner had a lot of debt which I took on for him．We were in a poor situation where every penny counted．That's what really inspired me．"
     She has now turned her bargain-hunting addiction into a business where she searches for the best deals and offers tips to the general public through video blogging and her Facebook Page．
     "I try and show people that it is just a little bit of work in the beginning but it will eventually pay off．One of the best things to do is just to be a bit forward thinking and save throughout the year．"
  
  （1）How did Emma make the huge savings？

  
  A．She compared prices through websites．
  B．She hunted out bargains in real shops．
  C．She used coupons and offers worth ￡2，500．
  D．She collected more Christmas presents than needed．
  （2）What does "breaking the bank" in the third paragraph mean？

  
  A．Buying presents of low quality．
  B．Spending more money than you have．
  C．Breaking into the bank．
  D．Taking out money from the bank．
  （3）What really inspired Emma to help people save money？

  
  A．Her addiction to bargain-hunting．
  B．The financial difficulties she shared with her ex-partner．
  C．The poor situation people around her were going through．
  D．Her experience of running an unsuccessful business．
  （4）Which of the following can best describe Emma？

  
  A．Ambitious and creative．
  B．Sensitive and determined．
  C．Brave and lucky．
  D．Careful and caring．
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．Easter （復活節(jié)） is still a great day for worship，candy in baskets and running around the yard finding eggs，but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnies．
     And no，not because the kids like to pull their ears．The culprit is climate change，and some researchers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US．
     Take the Lower Keys Marsh rabbit，for instance．An endangered species that lives in the Lower Florida Keys，this species of cottontail is a great swimmer-it lives on the islands!-but it is already severely affected by development and now by rising sea levels．According to the Center for Biological Diversity，an ocean level rise of only 0.6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher ground and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat （棲息地） completely．
     The snowshoe hare，on the other hand，has a color issue．Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer，each designed to give them better cover from predators （捕食者）．As the number of days with snow decreases all across the country，however，more and more bunnies are being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring，making them an easier mark for predators．Researchers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight，but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question．The National Wildlife Federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down．
     American pikas or rock rabbits，a relative of rabbits and hares，might be the first of these species to go extinct due to climate change．About 7-8 inches long，pikas live high in the cool，damp mountains west of the Rocky Mountains．As global temperatures rise，they would naturally migrate （遷移） to higher ground-but they already occupy the mountaintops．They can't go any higher．The National Wildlife Federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat heats up．
     The volcano rabbit has the same problem．These rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in Mexico，and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters，but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher，so they are stuck in the middle．Scientists are concerned about their populations．
     Native to the US，pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in the American West．They are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world．Their habitats have been destroyed by development．Several populations，such as the Columbia Basin pygmy，almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs．Pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tunnels through the snow to escape predators，but lesser snowfall is leaving them exposed．
     All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this Easter．
  
  （1）The writer mentions Easter at the beginning of the passage in order to

  ．
  A．show the importance of Easter Day
  B．introduce the issue about bunnies
  C．remind people of Easter traditions
  D．discuss the relationship between Easter and bunnies
  （2）According to the passage，some rabbits can now be easily discovered by predators because they

  ．
  A．a(chǎn)re exposed to more skillful hunters
  B．have moved to habitats with fewer plants
  C．haven't adapted themselves to climate change
  D．can't change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring
  （3）The problem faced by volcano rabbits and rock rabbits is that

  ．
  A．both are affected by less snow
  B．both are affected by rising sea levels
  C．neither can find enough food
  D．neither can migrate to higher places
  （4）Which best describes the writer's tone in the passage？

  
  A．Approving．
  B．Concerned．
  C．Enthusiastic．
  D．Doubtful．
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．The United Kingdom had banned another fashion ad．A complaint was made to the company's Advertising Standards Authority （ASA） about two models who appeared in Gucci's Cruise 2016 campaign．The ASA，which handles complaints across all the media，considered one of the models "unhealthily thin" based on still photos that appeared at the end of a video ad online．
     Considering that the model's body "appeared to be out of proportion （不成比例） with her head and lower body" and noting her "unhappy facial expression and dark make-up"，the organization stated that keeping the model in the ad was not good．The ASA required Gucci to remove her still image from the video，which first appeared on The Times' website．
     Gucci responded to the complaint by telling the ASA the ad was "aimed at the older audience" and that it did not believe that the model could be seen as unhealthy，but the company did remove the image from its campaign．
     The image is just the latest in a number the ASA had banned in the past，and the ruling comes a years after France has voted to ban models under a certain body mass index．
     In my point of view，the ASA had done the right thing．Nowadays，many young girls follow model's examples．Such images will make young girls think that being unhealthily thin means beauty．They may want to look so thin，too．In order to lose weight，they may sacrifice their health．Many young girls are high school students．If they suffer poor health，they won't be able to study well．
     Media are responsible for teaching young girls the right things．They should let them know that being unhealthily thin isn't beautiful．Young girls should also be taught that health is much more important than external （外部的） beauty．
     I'm sure that we will see fewer of such images in the future if they are banned and that young girls try less hard to look thin．
  
  （1）Why did the ASA ban the ad？

  
  A．Because all the media objected to it．
  B．Because it might mislead young girls．
  C．Because it didn't focus on old people．
  D．Because it had nothing to do with the campaign．
  （2）What do we know about one of the models in the ad？

  
  A．She wore beautiful light make-up．
  B．She went on a diet to lose weight for the ad．
  C．She looked great with a serious facial expression．
  D．Her head was out of proportion to the size of her body．
  （3）How did Gucci react to the ASA's decision？

  
  A．It showed the model's body mass index．
  B．It put the image on The Times' website．
  C．It took the image away from the video．
  D．It refused to accept the decision．
  （4）In the author's opinion，

  ．
  A．what the ASA did was unreasonable
  B．beauty doesn't mean being unhealthily thin
  C．today' media are quite responsible for the young
  D．many high school girls pay little attention to their health
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 5．Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world．We go fishing，sit in the garden，have a picnic，live in the suburbs or go to the seaside．The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk．When joggers jog，they don't run the streets．Every one of them tends to go to the park or the river．
     But despite this，our children are growing up nature-deprived （剝奪）．I spent my boyhood climbing trees．These days，children are robbed of these ancient freedoms，due to problems like crime，traffic，the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children，that is to say，things that can be bought，rather than things that can be found．
     The truth is to be found elsewhere．A study in the US：families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHA-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （多動癥）．Those whose accommodation had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%；those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%．
     ADHD is one of the great problems of modern childhood．One study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children．However，we spend money on drugs rather than on green places．
     The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature．The increasing concern for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years．And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality．Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world．
     We need the wild world．It is essential to our well-being，our health and our happiness．
  
  （1）According to the author，people enjoy

  to seek nature．
  A．jogging on the street
  B．sitting in the garden
  C．shopping in the supermarket
  D．running in the gym
  （2）From the second paragraph，we can see that

  ．
  A．a(chǎn)dults deprive the children of their rights to approach nature
  B．climbing trees will certainly do good to the children
  C．children probably spend less time in nature nowadays
  D．children tend to be happier as a result of their material satisfaction
  （3）In what way do people benefit from their contact with nature？

  
  A．Children with ADHD can be cured．
  B．A garden nearby improves the quality of old people's life．
  C．Problems with crime and violent behaviour will easily be solved．
  D．Children's performance at school is greatly improved．
  （4）What is the main idea of this passage？

  
  A．Access to nature improves our life．
  B．Nature treats children for ADHD．
  C．Getting close to nature reduces crime．
  D．Man can't live without natural areas．
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15.0分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出填入空白處的最佳選項．選項中有兩項為多余選項．

• 6．The kitchen is one of the most important parts of the house．You may think that，since it's only used for cooking，there's no need to pay much attention to its color． （1）

  Color influences people's mood and creates an atmosphere，and surely you want to be in a good mood when you're cooking．
     To decorate a kitchen，first look for a theme which will influence the color scheme （方案）．The most common colors in kitchens are white，yellow and other light colors．Kitchens are usually painted in one color to create a clean and neat look． （2）

  Also，since kitchens tend to have smaller windows，the light colors help make it brighter．Neutral colors such as gray and cream can also be used to create some contrast．
     （3）

  Start with your favorite color，or two light colors that balance each other．Make sure that you test them thoroughly first so that you can be sure they'll actually work．For more adventurous kitchen owners，three colors next to each other can also work．But these need to be carefully chosen，because one wrong color can ruin the whole look of the kitchen．
     When the kitchen color scheme has been chosen，other elements must be considered．Some important things，such as cupboards，in the kitchen can affect its look．Tiles （瓷磚） and the floor must be chosen to fit the look．（4）

  
     Last but not least，no matter what color scheme you use，make sure that it really is the one you want． （5）

  
  
  A．Many people want to decorate their kitchens with bright colors．
  B．Different colors have different effects on people's mood．
  C．Otherwise，get advice from other members of the family．
  D．The light colors make the room seem bigger than it is．
  E．There are different ways to create a color scheme．
  F．In a word，kitchen decoration must go together with the color scheme．
  G．But in fact，the color scheme of kitchen is as important as those of any other rooms．
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 7．Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation．A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information．Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinions，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources． （1）

  
     Go to the original source．Media reports often simplify the results of medical research．Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science．Think about the type of study． （2）

  
     Watch for misleading language．Some studies will find that a behavior "contributes to" or is "associated with" an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result． （3）

  Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it．
     Use your common sense．If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is．Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements． （4）

  Evaluate "scientific" statements carefully，and be aware of quackery （江湖騙術(shù)）．
     （5）

  Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us．
     Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life．
  
  A．Make choices that are right for you．
  B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something．
  C．Be sure to work through the critical questions．
  D．And examine the findings of the original research．
  E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice．
  F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view．
  G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources．
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二部分 英語知識運用 （共四節(jié)，滿分60分）第一節(jié) 完形填空 （共2小題；每小題1.5分，滿分60分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中， 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑．

• 8．Elaine was a saleswoman，who drove all over the city five days a week．When all the freeway lanes were at a dead stop，she would drive quickly along the emergency lane．While driving she usually（1）

  on her cellphone，drinking a soda or eating a sandwich-her hands，legs and mouth were always（2）

  while she was driving．
     Last night she got（3）

  in Friday evening rush hour．She was going to be （4）

  for her date．She was already（5）

  when things seemed to be getting worse and all the traffic stopped．Elaine drove（6）

  over to the emergency lane．Soon she saw the red flashing lights in the mirror．She had to（7）

  her car．A good-looking officer walked up．
     "Officer，my boyfriend left me after he got me pregnant．I have constant morning sickness．I'm just trying to get to the nearest store to buy my（8）

  ．"She looked at the officer with（9）

  eyes．
     He looked at her pitifully，then said（10）

  ，"Okay，ma'am．Take the first exit．I hope you'll be feeling better．"
     The officer walked back to his car and Elaine drove on．This was the second time that（11）

  had worked for her．She had one more thing to do before she got home．She had to mail a package．When she got to the shopping mall at 7 pm，no parking was（12）

  ，except for the handicapped （殘疾的） space．Elaine drove right into it．She would only be a minute，she told（13）

  ．All she had to do was（14）

  the post office，get the package（15）

  ，and pay the clerk．
     Fortunately，there was no（16）

  in the store．Everything was done so （17）

  that she was whistling while she walked back out to her car．T hen she stopped（18）

  ．There was an envelope on the windshield （擋風玻璃）．She opened it slowly．She knew（19）

  it was，but not how much it was．She screamed when she saw the（20）

  ．A dog started barking．
  

  （1）	A．depended	B．carried	C．talked	D．sold
  （2）	A．full	B．open	C．free	D．busy
  （3）	A．stuck	B．hurt	C．a(chǎn)nnoyed	D．punished
  （4）	A．late	B．ready	C．excited	D．mad
  （5）	A．satisfied	B．a(chǎn)ngry	C．exhausted	D．calm
  （6）	A．reluctantly	B．immediately	C．Guiltily	D．gratefully
  （7）	A．stop	B．start	C．discard	D．speed
  （8）	A．gas	B．ticket	C．medicine	D．package
  （9）	A．innocent	B．a(chǎn)ggressive	C．a(chǎn)ddicted	D．proud
  （10）	A．softly	B．rudely	C．skeptically	D．strictly
  （11）	A．officer	B．excuse	C．driver	D．mistake
  （12）	A．Adoptable	B．a(chǎn)ccessible	C．a(chǎn)cceptable	D．a(chǎn)vailable
  （13）	A．the clerk	B．the guard	C．the worker	D．herself
  （14）	A．take out	B．get out	C．run into	D．push into
  （15）	A．weighed	B．printed	C．repaired	D．paid
  （16）	A．car	B．line	C．police	D．service
  （17）	A．quickly	B．slowly	C．strangely	D．quietly
  （18）	A．talking	B．driving	C．thinking	D．whistling
  （19）	A．how	B．why	C．what	D．that
  （20）	A．invitation	B．order	C．a(chǎn)mount	D．letter
  組卷：4引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

• 9．When I was young I wanted to be a model，so I convinced my parents to take me for an audition（試演）．I was （1）

  by the judges and told I had potential．They said that for only ＄900 I could （2）

  a weekend event that dozens of the most well-known （3）

  agencies would attend．At 13，my （4）

  of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go．We have never been rich，but they saw my（5）

  and agreed．
       I（6）

  being signed by some famous model companies．For months，any boredom or （7）

  I faced was pushed aside because I knew I would soon have the chance to be a real model．I thought I would grace the （8）

  of famous magazines!
      Of course，I wasn't signed，but what （9）

  most was being told that if I grew to 1.75 meters I could be a （10）

  ．I prayed for a growth spurt （沖刺） （11）

  I could not imagine giving up my dream．I made a（n）（12）

  with a local modeling agency and the agent demanded ＄500 for classes，and ＄300 for other expenses．My parents only agreed after hours and hours of my （13）

  ．
      The agency sent me out on a few auditions，but with every day I didn't receive a call，I grew more （14）

  ．The final straw came in September after I had decided to （15）

  commercial modeling．There was an open call in New York City．We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting，only to be told that I was too （16）

  ．I was extremely upset．
      Years later，I （17）

  that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn't （18）

  love modeling，just the idea of it．I wanted to be （19）

  and I was naively（天真地）determined to reach an （20）

  goal．The experience has made me stronger and that will help me later in my life．
  
  

  （1）	A．selected	B．invited	C．ignored	D．refused
  （2）	A．witness	B．a(chǎn)ttend	C．record	D．celebrate
  （3）	A．a(chǎn)cting	B．travel	C．modeling	D．a(chǎn)dvertising
  （4）	A．hopes	B．senses	C．a(chǎn)ttitudes	D．doubts
  （5）	A．fortune	B．training	C．enthusiasm	D．preparation
  （6）	A．considered	B．a(chǎn)ppreciated	C．imagined	D．a(chǎn)dmitted
  （7）	A．a(chǎn)musement	B．excitement	C．embarrassment	D．disappointment
  （8）	A．a(chǎn)rticles	B．sales	C．editions	D．covers
  （9）	A．hurt	B．motivated	C．comforted	D．satisfied
  （10）	A．giant	B．beauty	C．success	D．dresser
  （11）	A．though	B．because	C．unless	D．before
  （12）	A．wish	B．a(chǎn)ppointment	C．comment	D．promise
  （13）	A．complaining	B．questioning	C．a(chǎn)dvising	D．begging
  （14）	A．cautious	B．depressed	C．patient	D．curious
  （15）	A．take in	B．show off	C．put away	D．focus on
  （16）	A．suitable	B．worried	C．pretty	D．short
  （17）	A．realized	B．doubted	C．confirmed	D．declared
  （18）	A．gradually	B．eventually	C．a(chǎn)ctually	D．extremely
  （19）	A．special	B．generous	C．realistic	D．considerate
  （20）	A．ideal	B．immediate	C．a(chǎn)chievable	D．impossible
  組卷：5引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) 單項選擇（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

• 10．A Midsummer Night's Dream                   at the Theatre Royal on 19th June，and then tours throughout Scotland．（　?。?/h2>

  A．opens	B．is opened
  C．will open	D．will be opened
  組卷：227引用：9難度：0.9

  解析

第四節(jié) 語法填空（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡相應位置上．

• 30．Paper cutting is one of China's most popular traditional folk arts． But it's difficult to tell when it（1）

  （begin）． The ancient people cut papers into animals or people． They （2）

  buried them with the dead or burned them on the funerals， （3）

  （wish） that things that paper stood for could be with the dead． Later， they were used during festivals（4）

  （decorate） gates and windows． After hundreds of years' development， now they have become （5）

  very popular means of decoration among country folk， especially women． Most of the artists are women． The themes of （6）

  （they） works usually include everything in people's daily life from flowers， birds， animals， figures in classic novels， to types of facial make-up in Peking opera． Paper cutting has various styles in different parts of China． Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and often it （7）

  （give） as a present to foreign friends．
      The color most （8）

  （frequent） used in paper cutting is red，（9）

  symbolizes health and prosperity． A big red paper character "Xi" （happiness） is a traditional must on the newly-wed's door． Upon the birthday party of a senior， the character "Shou" represents longevity and will add delight（10）

  the whole celebration．
  組卷：5引用：1難度：0.3

  解析

第三部分： 短文改錯（滿分10分）

• 31．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．
  增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．
  刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．
  修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．
  注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
  2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．
      In order to help the students to have better understanding of Chinese Dream，our school organize a speaking competition with the theme "My Dream，Chinese Dream" last week．Before fierce competitions，ten students reached the final．Having prepared for the final in our spare time，all the competitors performed well．But the audience were strongly impressing with their real life stories．Finally，Wang Li won the first place，with Wang Xia took the second，and Zhang Tao the third．Great inspired by this activity，the students are determined to study for our motherland hard than before．They will serve for the people wholeheartedly．
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析