2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省廣州七十五中高一（上）期末英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分）

• 1．The"no-mow（不割草）"movement is catching people's attention，and I've joined it after having the luck to see how beautiful a natural meadow（草地） can be.
     Several years ago，I moved to a tiny town in Oregon.When we pulled up to the house where we would be staying，I took one look at what I saw as the overgrown grass.The sea of grass took my breath away. "This is going to be a huge job，" I thought to myself.
      I grew up in New York.My grandfather taught me how to mow our lawn （草坪）when I was
  8 years old．And I took care of that lawn until I left for college.Later，I bought my own house in Connecticut，and the house came with a small lawn.By then I had been writing for Audubon magazine and had learned how pointless lawns were.I wanted to build a butterfly garden and plant some plants.I was sick of mowing.But I kept the lawn，as I was concerned about the future resale value of a house without a back lawn.
      Once I had spent several weeks getting used to Oregon life，learning the local culture and finally settling down，I realized the meadow that surrounded my new home wasn't an untidy lawn，but one of the local types of ecosystems.And in my first weeks enjoying my new favorite place in the world，I was pleased with the huge amount of life the meadow supported.
      There are lots of insects，but that only means lots of healthy food for the songbirds that I now share my home with.Because of the birds，many insects are eaten，so I've not had any insect problems.Contrary to what many people expect from high grasses，I've found that I have fewer harmful insects，because it is a balanced system.There are butterflies，vegetables and beautiful wild flowers.The meadow is never the same.It changes from week to week because it's a living system.
  
  （1）How did the author feel when she first arrived at the new house in Oregon？

  
  A．Tired
  B．Embarrassed
  C．Shocked
  D．Interested
  （2）How was the author's life in Oregon？

  
  A．She started enjoying the natural grass there.
  B．She failed to join the "no-mow" movement.
  C．She was worried about the untidy environment there.
  D．She was busy improving the locals' living conditions.
  （3）What does the author mainly say about the meadow in the last paragraph？

  
  A．It provides a more balanced ecosystem.
  B．It supplies many kinds of food to the author.
  C．It causes many insect problems for the author.
  D．It helps reduce the author's writing pressure.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

• 2．Keeping our environment clean，especially our waterways，is something everyone can agree on.That's why people take part in the beach cleanup and work so hard to remove plastics from our oceans.
      But sometimes things that come to pass can undo all of these efforts.One of the worst things that can happen to our oceans is an oil spill （泄漏）.Cleaning up after a spill has always been a costly and lasting process that often harms wildlife and further damages the sea environment.But now researchers at Northwestern University have developed a smart sponge （海綿） to clean up oil spills in the ocean.
      This new method is designed to absorb （吸收） oil，leaving the clean water behind without influencing sea wildlife.Previous methods included removing oil from the surface，burning oil，and using absorbent materials. "Each method has its own disadvantages and none of them are green solutions，" Gondwana，a senior research associate said. "Our sponge can absorb these spills in a more economic，efficient（有效力的）and eco-friendly manner than any of the previous solutions."
      The secret of how the new sponge can selectively absorb only the oil lies in a coating of a special material that can be used to cover any ordinary sponge.All you have to do is apply a thin coating of the material to the sponge and let it dry before use.It's really simple to change an ordinary sponge into a smart sponge.And the new sponge can absorb up to 30 times its own weight in oil.Moreover，it is reusable up to a dozen times.
      The researchers even came up with a plan to better exploit the new sponge.Gondwana said， "The new sponge will come in large sheets that are rolled.While there are no limitations in the size，a width of 2-3 feet is enough.The new sponge can be used on a beach or in the ocean after an oil spill."
  
  （1）How does the author consider the work of cleaning up oil spills？

  
  A．Difficult and meaningless.
  B．Challenging and costly.
  C．Significant but fruitless.
  D．Boring but rewarding.
  （2）Which of the following may Gondwana agree with？

  
  A．Traditional solutions contribute a lot to sea protection.
  B．The previous methods of cleaning up oil spills are unsatisfying.
  C．Oil pollution is the main reason for the unbalanced ecosystem in the ocean.
  D．The new method fails to meet the requirement of a green environment.
  （3）What can we infer about the new sponge？

  
  A．It makes no use of the ordinary sponge.
  B．It relies on water to form a coating.
  C．It enjoys excellent absorption capacity.
  D．It does some harm to sea wildlife.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．In the name of social distancing，this year's graduation ceremonies have become different.However，one tradition has continued to exist -the square graduation cap，commonly known as a mortarboard hat.
      European scholars（學(xué)者）have been wearing caps since the first universities were started in the 11th century，but their early caps looked more like Amelia Earhart's pilot cap than the square caps we know today.Early scholars first used the pileus （傘狀帽）．By the 14th century，pileus caps were becoming taller，similar to a modern chef's hat but shorter.This style，the "pileus rotundus"，was used mainly by university students studying law，medicine，and science.
      By the middle of the 16th century，a new cap style made waves in universities：the "pileus quadratus"，a soft，square cap that required less material to make.Soon the two styles，round and square，became symbols of different statuses.One century later at the University of Oxford，under-graduates wore the older，rounded caps，while those with higher degrees were allowed to wear the pileus quadratus.
      The first American colleges were started in the mid-1600s，and their class structures and degree requirements followed famous English universities.And European scholarly traditions were kept- including ideas of proper academic dress.Today，American graduates in law，medicine，and philosophy still wear rounded caps，but undergraduates always use the square cap.
      Although the square hat has a centuries-old history，new cap traditions are popping up across the US.About 100 years ago，students began moving their tassels （流 蘇） from the right side of their cap to the left.To this day there are no formal rules on where the tassel should be placed，but the act of moving it from one side to the other has been widely popular.
      While the ways in which we observe graduation may change，the four-cornered black hat will likely remain a sort of culture for academic achievements - a symbol of celebration with roots going back to medieval Europe.
  
  （1）What can be known about the "pileus rotundus"？

  
  A．It is widely used by chefs today.
  B．It appeared earlier than the pileus.
  C．It was invented by an American scholar.
  D．It was worn by part of the college students.
  （2）What does the underlined phrase "made waves" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？

  
  A．Drew a lot of attention.
  B．Played a leading role.
  C．Lost some support.
  D．Caused trouble.
  （3）What does the author want to show by introducing tassels on the caps？

  
  A．Tassels are important to the caps.
  B．Formal rules are necessary for the caps.
  C．New cap traditions have appeared in American colleges.
  D．College students can design different kinds of caps now.
  （4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？

  
  A．The development of different caps in people 's daily life
  B．An unusual teaching method in American universities
  C．The history of graduates' caps in Europe and America
  D．Special graduation ceremonies for college students
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（共 5 小題；每小題 3 分，滿分 15 分）

• 4．When you read articles or watch TV，you may meet with the words，"citizen science（公眾科學(xué)）"，every now and then.（1）

  It's scientific research done，in whole or in part，by non-professional （非專業(yè)的）scientists in public.They can include teachers，students，etc.jye.ai act as volunteers.
      （2）

  For researchers，citizen science can greatly expand（擴 大 ）the area of a study without making it costly.For example，a bird survey involving volunteers can cover North America in a few weeks and cost a small amount of money.However，paying scientists to perform the same survey would be very expensive，and it would make the study harder.
      For volunteers，citizen science can increase their knowledge of science.Besides，it can be fun and sometimes quite interesting.Many volunteers join in citizen science because they are interested in the environment.（3）

  
      As to where citizen science takes place，it depends on different research programs.Some will require people to go to a challenging place in the wild.（4）

  Many universities，for example，have certain programs which invite local gardeners to study their plants and offer scientists information on their plants from their gardens.
      If you want to take part in a citizen science project，you should start by being clear about what topic you like.（5）

  If they agree with your request，you can offer your help as a citizen scientist.
  
  A.This term is also known as "crowd science".
  B.Some people may hate taking part in citizen science.
  C.Making these people do research has great advantages.
  D.For example，volunteers can carry out research in their gardens.
  E.And they'd like a chance to communicate with real scientists in the field.
  F.Then call a certain organization and ask if you can help with one of its projects.
  G.But some research programs can save people the trouble of traveling a long way to work.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

第二部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45 分）

• 5．It was Sunday morning on a subway in New York.People were sitting（1）

  --some reading newspapers，some lost in thought some resting with their eyes closed.It was a calm，peaceful scene.Then（2）

  a man and his children entered the subway car.The children were so（3）

  and active that the whole（4）

  of the car instantly changed.
      The man sat down next to me and closed his eyes，apparently（5）

  of the situation.The children were yelling and（6）

  things，and yet，the man sitting next to me did nothing.
      It was difficult not to feel（7）

  .I couldn't believe that he was（8）

  his children to run wild like that，and was taking no（9）

  at all.It was easy to see that（10）

  else on the subway felt annoyed.
      So finally，I turned to him and said， "Sir，your children are really（11）

  a lot of people.
  Could you（12）

  them a little more？"
      The man lifted his gaze and said softly， "Oh，you're（13）

  .I guess I should do something about it.We just came from the hospital where their mother（14）

  about an hour ago.I don't know what to think，and guess they don't know how to（15）

  it either."
      Can you（16）

  how I felt at that moment？Suddenly，I saw things differently；my anger was（17）

  .My heart was filled with the man's（18）

  .Now，instead of frustration，feelings of （19）

  filled my heart. "Your wife just died？Oh，I'm so sorry.Can you tell me about it？What can I do to help？"
      Everything（20）

  in an instant.
  
  
  

  （1）	A．quietly	B．nervously	C．seriously	D．patiently
  （2）	A．finally	B．suddenly	C．carefully	D．immediately
  （3）	A．happy	B．cute	C．noisy	D．funny
  （4）	A．mood	B．view	C．condition	D．position
  （5）	A．unaware	B．sure	C．proud	D．a(chǎn)fraid
  （6）	A．reading	B．folding	C．throwing	D．drawing
  （7）	A．worried	B．a(chǎn)ngry	C．discouraged	D．a(chǎn)shamed
  （8）	A．expecting	B．guiding	C．warning	D．a(chǎn)llowing
  （9）	A．risks	B．notes	C．effect	D．responsibility
  （10）	A．a(chǎn)nyone	B．someone	C．nobody	D．everyone
  （11）	A．supporting	B．embarrassing	C．disturbing	D．a(chǎn)ttracting
  （12）	A．notice	B．control	C．comfort	D．encourage
  （13）	A．right	B．wrong	C．unlucky	D．crazy
  （14）	A．returned	B．worked	C．stayed	D．died
  （15）	A．understand	B．describe	C．handle	D．deny
  （16）	A．express	B．predict	C．imagine	D．remember
  （17）	A．lost	B．gone	C．done	D．deepened
  （18）	A．pain	B．joy	C．courage	D．faith
  （19）	A．bitterness	B．trust	C．freedom	D．sympathy
  （20）	A．restored	B．changed	C．settled	D．ended
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.4

  解析

第二節(jié)（共 10 小題；每小題 1.5 分，滿分 15 分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1 個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 6．Do you know the place Jinli？It's a street（1）

  （lie） in Chengdu，Sichuan.The street has a long history and is rich （2）

  traditional Chinese culture.
      The street is about 550 meters long.You can see some ancient-style（3）

  （building） along the well-known street.Years ago，Jinli（4）

  （view） as the "National Top Ten City Commercial Pedestrian Street （商業(yè)步行街）".Each year，a large number of travelers come to the street to enjoy（5）

  （they），especially during the Spring Festival.
      There are many restaurants （6）

  special snacks are offered.In this street，you'll be attracted by local snacks，which will make your mouth water.One well-known local snack is San Da Pao，which is made of rice，brown sugar，and so on.Some other （7）

  （equal） attractive local snacks provided in Jinli include boiled dumplings.All of them are delicious and are waiting for you （8）

  （taste）.
      In addition to the delicious snacks，there are many other （9）

  （impress） attractions in Jinli.If you have time，pay（10）

  visit to this street and have fun.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分 基礎(chǔ)知識（共三節(jié)，滿分 30 分）

• 7．These physical exercises are designed to

  （增強）your body.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

第三節(jié) 句子翻譯（共 5 小題：每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分）

• 22．你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，當你經(jīng)歷艱難的時刻時保持冷靜是很難的。（find+賓語+賓補）
  You will

  when you are

  .
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第四部分 書面表達 （滿分 30 分）

• 23．假定你是校報"Your Voice"欄目的負責人李華，請給外教 Smith 寫一封郵件邀請他就英語學(xué)習接受一次采訪。內(nèi)容包括：
  （1）欄目情況介紹；
  （2）采訪時間和話題內(nèi)容。
  注意：
  （1）詞數(shù) 100 左右；
  （2）可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
  （3）開頭已經(jīng)寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。
  Dear Smith，
      I'm Li Hua，responsible for Your Voice in the school newspaper.Impressed by your English teaching experience，I'm writing to invite you to an interview._________
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析