2021-2022學(xué)年北京師大附中高一（下）期中英語試卷
發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0
一、聽力（本大題共5小題，共20分）第一節(jié)聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。
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1．How often does Susan go to the gym？
A.Every day.
B.Three times a week.
C.Twice a week.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0 -
2．What will the woman buy？
A.A black skirt.
B.A blue skirt.
C.A blue dress.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0 -
3．How does the woman suggest going to the National Park？
A.By car.
B.By taxi.
C.By bus.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0 -
4．What are the speakers mainly talking about？
A.A book.
B.A writer.
C.A joke.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0 -
5．Where does the conversation probably take place？
A.In a hotel.
B.In a restaurant.
C.At the man's house.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0
第二節(jié)聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。
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6．聽材料，回答問題。
（1）Where is Maria now？
A.At a bookshop.
B.At a square.
C.Outside a station.
（2）What will John probably do next？
A.Wait in the car.
B.Drive to the market square.
C.Walk to the bookshop.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0 -
7．聽材料，回答問題。
（1）Why does the woman want to replace the sofa？
A.It is old.
B.It is uncomfortable.
C.It doesn't match the table.
（2）What do the speakers agree to do？
A.Change the table.
B.Buy a reading lamp.
C.Move a lamp onto the table.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0 -
8．聽材料，回答問題。
（1）When was the youth club formed？
A.In 2015.
B.In 2008.
C.In 2006.
（2）What is Matthew？
A.An engineer.
B.A teacher.
C.A student.
（3）What did Matthew's club raise money for？
A.A school.
B.A park.
C.A hospital.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0 -
9．聽材料，回答問題。
（1）Why does the speaker give the talk？
A.To give a project presentation.
B.To introduce several festivals in Asia.
C.To share her experiences in Thailand.
（2）Where was the Water Festival first celebrated？
A.In China.
B.In India.
C.In Thailand.
（3）What do young ladies do on the Festival in many places in Thailand？
A.Have talent contests.
B.Study another culture.
C.Attend parties with foreigners.組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0
第三節(jié)聽下面一段獨白，完成第16至第20小題，每空只需填寫一個詞。聽獨白前，你有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你有90秒鐘的作答時間。本段獨白你將聽兩遍。
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10．
A Hot Air Balloon Flight Requirements for the flight ?Passengers：be（1）______ ?Weather： （2）______winds and a clear sky Notice of the flight ?Direction：depend on the wind ?（3）______ place：5 to 30 kilometers away from the airfield ?Transport of returning：a mini-bus ?Flying times：depend on when the sun（4）______ ?Flying seasons：start from March to（5）______ Telephone ?0125288492 組卷：0引用：1難度：0.0
二、完形填空（本大題共1小題，共10分）
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11．This was the fifth time I'd been to the National Annual Competition.Reporters had been saying that I looked unbeatable.Everyone expected me to （1）
.But I knew something was（2）because I couldn't get this one picture out of my head：a picture of me，falling. "Go away，" I'd say.But the image wouldn't （3）.
It was time to skate.The music started，slowly，and I told myself， "Have fun，Michael!It's just a（n）（4）."
Once the music picked up，I started skating faster.I'd practiced the routine so many times，and I didn't have to think about（5）came next.But when I came down from the jump，my foot slipped from under me.I put a hand on the ice to（6）myself but it didn't do any good.
Things kept getting（7）.On a triple flip I turned around quickly through the air，and just as I landed，my whole body went down again.There I was，flat on the ice，with the whole world（8）.
I didn't think I'd be able to pull myself together.But as I got up，I heard an amazing（9）.People were clapping in time to the music.They were trying to give me courage.
I wasn't surprised by my scores.However，the audience's clapping woke me up!I was so busy trying not to（10）that I forgot to feel what was in my heart-the love for skating.（1） A．win B．enjoy C．share D．relax （2） A．challenging B．missing C．wrong D．dangerous （3） A．return B．leave C．a(chǎn)ppear D．stay （4） A．sport B．a(chǎn)ctivity C．picture D．a(chǎn)ccident （5） A．when B．why C．who D．what （6） A．prepare B．catch C．comfort D．measure （7） A．clearer B．easier C．heavier D．worse （8） A．watching B．expecting C．ignoring D．changing （9） A．voice B．story C．sound D．idea （10） A．collapse B．resist C．fall D．escape 組卷：8引用：1難度：0.5
三、閱讀理解（本大題共4小題，共30分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題1.5分，共22.5分）
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12．What it does
The self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic（光催化）and blacklight technology.A light source activates the door's handle coating，telling it to start cleaning.It can minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space.
How it works
The working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effectively remove bacteria （細菌） on the surface of a substance.A consistent UV light source-inside a transparent glass door handle - is required to activate the door's handle coating on the outer surface for disinfection，so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motion of an opening and closing door.Then，the door handle can clean by itself.
Design process
We made the first version by using stainless steel.However，it caused the door handle to be heavier.Then，we tried aluminum，which made it light and easy to fix.We also improved the generator output which effectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.
How it is different
Our innovative design is simple，effective，and attractive.It has an elegant smooth shape，and its minimalist appearance stands out in today's world of inventions.Nowadays，people use chemical cleaning materials to clean up public areas but it harms the human body.Our design can be used for a long time and is effective.It can self-clean after each use.In the door lock and door handle market，it is a unique design because there are no similar products.
Future plans
In the future，we will commercialize the product and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products.We are going to connect with public properties，for example，shopping malls，hotels，hospitals and public restrooms，where the risk of spreading infection is higher.
Awards
In addition to winning the James Dyson Award，it has also received the Gold Award，and in 2016，it was featured in the 44th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition.
（1）How does the self-cleaning door handle function？
A．It controls the door movement automatically.
B．It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.
C．Chemical cleaning materials are used to clean it up.
D．The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.
（2）Compared with the first version of the product，the present one is.
A．safer and cheaper
B．cleaner and easier
C．less heavy and more effective
D．more attractive and expensive
（3）What do we know about the new invention according to the passage？
A．It has been widely used in public areas.
B．It is quite competitive among similar products.
C．It has received positive responses for its innovation.
D．It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.組卷：2引用：2難度：0.4 -
13．Recycling Electronic Waste When Alex Lin was 11 years old，he read an alarming article in the newspaper，which said that people were burying old computers in backyards，throwing TVs into streams，and dropping off cell phones in the garbage.This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment，getting into crops，animals，water supplies - and people.
Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network.Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.
But what could they do about this project with e-waste？The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans.They learned how to deal with e-waste properly and how it could be recycled.Then，they sent out a survey and found only one in eight knew what e-waste was，let alone how to deal with it properly.
Alex and his friends went into action.They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students，asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot.The drive lasted two days，and they collected over 9，500 kilograms of e-waste.
The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town.After some research，they'd learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling.So，they began learning to refresh computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn't have their own.In this way，they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.
For a lasting solution to e-waste，the drop-off center wasn't enough.Laws would have to be passed.In 2016，WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town，which required companies that produced or sold electronics to take back e-waste.The bill clearly forbids the drop-off of e-waste.
Because of the work of WIN，more and more people，like Alex and his team，are getting the message about dealing with e-waste safely.As Alex says， "Today's technology should not become tomorrow's harmful garbage. "
（1）What was Alex worried about after he read the article？
A．The littering of e-waste.
B．The recycling of plastic.
C．The change of environment.
D．The overuse of old computers.
（2）What did Alex do to start the project？
A．Set up WIN.
B．Collect information.
C．Ask friends for help.
D．Carry out a survey.
（3）Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work？
A．Traditional.
B．Competitive.
C．Scientific.
D．Convenient.
（4）What message does the story convey？
A．There is no end to perfection.
B．Success comes through failure.
C．Every positive attitude has a reward.
D．Young people can make a big difference.組卷：19引用：2難度：0.5 -
14．A group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder，red eyes looking around.They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime.Perhaps they are not so different.
A new study，led by Damien Farine，an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour，shows that the guineafowl of eastern Africa，like humans，have multilevel societies.In the past，scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower.But the pea-brained guineafowl are revealing the faults in that assumption.
These large birds wander across the landscape in packs，often walking so closely that their bodies touch.They may fight each other to maintain their strict ranks，but at other times they engage in friendly behaviours like sharing food.
Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure，Dr.Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society.For a whole year，they made daily observations of 441 birds.Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart.They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds，which let them see exactly where every group went，24 hours a day.
The findings of the research suggest that the guineafowl have a multilevel society.There are groups within groups within the population as a whole.There even seem to be groups of friends within the small groups.This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird.
And Dr.Farine emphasizes this particular bird' s tiny brain size： "They don't only have small brains relative to mammals （哺乳動物），they also have quite small brains relative to other birds，" he said.
According to him，living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order.For example，if groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group，it knows which group it's looking at- no need for a brain that can recognize every single animal.Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges they're facing.Depending on what enemies or resources are around，it might make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one.
"Having a multilevel structure may not require having a large brain，" Dr.Farine said.There may be more birds and other animals out there that，although small-brained，have societies as many-leveled as our own.
（1）According to the passage，what inspired Dr.Farine to carry out the study？
A．The guineafowl's social behaviour.
B．Previous assumptions about birds.
C．His interest in animal brainpower.
D．The faults in earlier research.
（2）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
A．The research subjects.
B．The research methods.
C．The research findings.
D．The research equipment.
（3）What can be learned from the passage？
A．Complex social systems can be a disadvantage to the guineafowl.
B．The guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group.
C．Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups.
D．Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies.
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage？
A．To present the findings of a study of the guineafowl.
B．To explain the interaction patterns in multilevel societies.
C．To introduce a new approach to observing the guineafowl.
D．To uncover clues about how complex societies are formed.組卷：12引用：1難度：0.6 -
15．Vaccines （疫苗） may soon make their first film appearance.Led by expert Maria A.Croyle，researchers have developed a thin sheet that preserves vaccines for long periods without using the cooling system.This means the carefully cooled small bottles now used to ship vaccines could potentially be replaced by lightweight films that can be mailed in an envelope and stored on a shelf.
Croyle's laboratory began developing the technology in 2007.Inspired by amber's ability to preserve the DNA of insects，the researchers set out to create their own version of the substance by mixing "a lot of sugar and a little bit of salt，much like hard candy，" Croyle explains.The vaccine-containing film is administered by mouth - sweet news for many who dislike needles.
The film is tailored to suit each specific vaccine candidate and provide a protective coating. "We've learned over time that the key to really stabilizing whatever the film holds is to have it intermixed with all the components，" Croyle says，adding that the process is quick and uses affordable，standard equipment. "We really wanted to come up with something that would be transported to developing countries. "
Immunization（免疫）programs depend heavily on keeping vaccines cold （2℃-8℃） as they are transported，sometimes over thousands of kilometers to far-away locations.Delivery can be difficult and costly，and transport delaying can cause the vaccines to be ineffective.
But this new product can store live viruses，bacteria and antibodies for several months at 20℃.In a paper published in Science Advances，the scientists show that the live viruses in one vaccine were preserved in the film even after 36 months.They also find that a flu vaccine suspended in their film compares favourably with a traditional flu shot. "The study demonstrates early proof of concept for an exciting platform for vaccine product development，" says Lisa Rohan，who was not involved in the study.She also notes that each vaccine type would need a custom formulation（配方） for future stages of development.
Finding partners to mass-produce for clinical trials is the researchers' most pressing problem，Croyle says.They are also exploring packaging methods to keep their films stable up to 40℃.
Size is a major advantage- a letter-sized sheet of the film can carry more than 500 doses（劑） of vaccine，about 1/900 the weight of the same amount of traditional doses.By making it easier and cheaper to ship and preserve vaccines efficiently，Croyle says，the technology could vastly improve immunization rates the world over，particularly in middle-to-low income countries.
（1）What can we learn about the film？
A．It contains animal's DNA.
B．It will replace vaccines.
C．It comes in different flavours.
D．It can hold bio-products.
（2）According to Paragraph 3，we can learn about the film's.
A．key component
B．development schedule
C．possible advantages
D．transportation requirements
（3）The author mentions Lisa Rohan's words to.
A．a(chǎn)dvise personalizing vaccines
B．suggest the product is promising
C．prove the study is supported widely
D．stress the functions of a new platform
（4）What will be the next urgent task for Croyle's team？
A．Advertising the film worldwide.
B．Improving the film's capacity.
C．Reducing the shipping cost.
D．Seeking ideal producers.組卷：9引用：2難度：0.6
第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題1. 5分，共7. 5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中兩項為多余選項。
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16．Our Amazing Hands The hand is where the mind meets the world.We use our hands to build fires，to fly airplanes，and to write.The human brain，with its open-ended creativity，may be the thing that makes the human race unique.But without hands，all the ideas we think up would come to nothing.
（1）Study it carefully，you will find something interesting.The thumb alone is controlled by nine separate muscles.The wrist is a group of bones and muscles connected with nerves.The nerves send branches into each fingertip，which makes the fingers extremely flexible. （2）
Early hands seemed more unusual and interesting than any hand today.Some animals had seven fingers．Others had eight．But by the time vertebrates （脊椎動物） appeared 340 million years ago，the hand had developed to only five fingers.（3）
Nevertheless，there are still many different types of hands in living animals.After years of research，scientists are beginning to understand the molecular （分子的） changes in hands．（4）This makes the hands of different animals very similar.There is a network of many genes that builds a hand，and all hands are built on that network.
The discovery has given scientists a deeper understanding of the development of hands.A bird' s wing and a lion's paw （爪） may appear to have nothing in common．（5）It may just be a little more of one protein here，a little less of another there.In the past，scientists could recognize only the outward signs that hands had developed from a common ancestor.Today scientists are uncovering the inward signs as well.
A.Hands can often be used for a number of different purposes.
B.They also see that all hands start out in much the same way.
C.It has kept that number for reasons scientists don't yet know.
D.No one would doubt that the five fingers are different with each other.
E.But the difference between them may come down to a tiny change in form.
F.The reason we can use our hands for so many things is their special structure.
G.So you can see a skilled watchmaker use his hands to set springs in place under a microscope.組卷：8引用：1難度：0.5
四、詞匯選擇（本大題共20小題，共20分）
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17．We hope that the science fair will __________ enthusiasm about science and math.（ ?。?/h2>
組卷：21引用：4難度：0.8 -
18．Even though my cousin got many __________ from the universities，he carried on applying without being discouraged.（ ?。?/h2>
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19．If the __________ project is successful，the program will be expanded to many more cities.（ ）
組卷：8引用：2難度：0.8 -
20．Authors use charts to __________ concepts because they are an effective way of revealing relationships and clarifying connections.（ ?。?/h2>
組卷：14引用：2難度：0.8
八、補全句子：請根據(jù)括號中所給單詞或中文意思填空，注意使用恰當形式。（本大題共4小題，共16分）
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61．What
the "Chinese mother"Western parents is not their Chinese heritage，but their extremely strict parenting. （使……區(qū)別于/使……與眾不同）組卷：4引用：2難度：0.9
九、作文（本大題共1題，共10分）
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62．假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國歷史很感興趣，并請你介紹一位你喜歡的中國歷史人物。請你給Jim回信，內(nèi)容包括：
1.該人物是誰；
2.該人物的主要貢獻；
3.該人物對你的影響。
Dear Jim，
_____________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua組卷：4引用：2難度：0.5