2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省南京十三中高二（上）期末英語試卷

第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分37.5分）第一節(jié) （共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

• 1．There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier， "Paper or plastic？" Well，which type of bag would you choose？
     While both types of bags have some influence on the environment，it has long been supposed that paper bags are better.They are made from a renewable source，are broken down easily，burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled.However，the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones.How can this be true？
     Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production.And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times larger.Besides，the influence on forests is very serious.It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags，which happen to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling，the idea that paper bags are more environment-friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded.Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
     Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones，plastic still seems to be considered as the more harmful of the two by governments.In Ireland，for example，a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags.People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag，and as a result，their use has dropped quickly.
     There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags.However，we don't seem to be doing that at present.That may be because they fall apart quickly.If so，cloth bags are a better choice，but still，their production also has a bad influence on the environment.So what to do？How should we answer the question of "Paper or plastic？" It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question： "What can I do to help the environment？"
  
  （1）The question at the end of Paragraph 1 is used to

  .
  A．introduce the point for discussion
  B．tell readers how to save money
  C．express the author's doubts
  D．show the kindness of the cashier
  （2）Compared with plastic bags，paper bags

  .
  A．take more time to break down
  B．require less energy to recycle
  C．need more water to produce
  D．have less influence on forests
  （3）What does the underlined word "discarded" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？

  
  A．Share.
  B．Put forward.
  C．Discuss.
  D．Give up.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．We have heard some interesting ways that 5 G wireless technology might change our lives in the future.
  5 G，short for the 5th generation mobile communication technology，promises Internet speeds between 50 to 100 times faster than current 4 G systems.While 5 G is set to be used in some limited areas of America this year，much of the world is not expected to receive widely available service until 2023.
     One project in Britain，however，is already testing this superfast technology on an unlikely group of Internet users — cows.The project was developed by American technology company Cisco Systems，Inc. It also receives money from the British government.Cisco says the program seeks to explore the future of 5 G connectivity in rural areas around the world.
     Testing areas were set up at farms in three rural areas of England.The cows are equipped with 5 G-connected devices（裝置） that link up to a robotic milking system，which uses sensors and machine learning to fully automate the process.System designers say technology takes over after a cow feels ready to be milked and walks toward an automatic gate.The device is designed to recognize each individual cow.It then positions equipment to the right body position for milking.During the process，machines release food for the cow as a reward.
     Other 5 G technology tools include automated brushes that turn on when the cow rubs （蹭） up against them.Sensors also control the amount of light to the cows' living areas depending on the weather.And，an automatic feeding system makes sure the animals always get enough to eat.
     Duncan Forbes，head of the project，told Reuters that the project shows the farm's cow operations can be greatly improved with 5 G technology and that the experiment provides strong evidence that 5 G technology can be widely used in the future，not just on farms in Britain，but in rural communities across the world.
  
  （1）What is the purpose of Cisco Systems，Inc.'s project？

  
  A．To win financial support from British government.
  B．To test the effects of 5 G technology on animals.
  C．To promote its technological development in Britain.
  D．To expand the future use of 5 G in rural communities.
  （2）What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to？

  
  A．The project.
  B．The company.
  C．The technology.
  D．The group.
  （3）What can we learn about 5 G according to the text？

  
  A．It is no worse than 4 G in terms of speed.
  B．It is already widely available in the world.
  C．It has made improvement in operating the cows.
  D．It is based on sensors and machine learning.
  （4）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？

  
  A．Entertainment.
  B．Lifestyle.
  C．Education.
  D．Technology.
  組卷：6引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．A residential summer weight-loss camp improved fat children's health，study about fat children's health reports.A Saint Louis University physician found the camp improved children's weight，body mass index，physical fitness and blood pressure.
     "When a child can communicate with others struggling with the same problem，it helps support his weight-loss effort，and he is more likely to improve both physically and psychologically，" said Nadim Kanafani，M.D.，corresponding author and assistant professor of pediatrics at Saint Louis University School of Medicine.
     According to Kanafani，fat children struggle with their body's awkwardness in running，jumping and playing，which causes them to stop taking part in these physical activities and make unhealthy lifestyle choices.This can be changed when fat children are placed together to focus on losing weight and improving physical fitness.
     Kanafani tracked fat adolescents who attended a weight-loss camp.They took part in physical activities and group educational meeting covering nutrition，physical fitness and self-esteem（自尊）.During their stay，the kids ate three balanced meals and two snacks per day prepared under the supervision（監(jiān)督）of a nutritionist.
     The results showed an average weight loss of more than eight pounds and an average reduction in the BMI score of three points.Besides，participants' blood pressure dropped significantly and fitness levels improved.
     The weight-loss camp in the study，Camp Jump Start，used a number of proven techniques to achieve modification of diet habits，increase physical activities and provide social support for participants.These methods resulted in health benefits as well as significant increases in self-esteem.Camp founder Jean Huelsing，who is a nurse，is the lead author on the paper.
  
  （1）The summer weight-loss camp improved the following EXCEPT

  .
  A．children's height
  B．body mass index
  C．physical fitness
  D．blood pressure
  （2）What made the children in the camp more likely to improve their health？

  
  A．The guides' encouragement.
  B．Their parents' help.
  C．Their own plans to lose weight.
  D．Their communication with campers with the same problem.
  （3）The underlined word in Paragraph 6 most probably means "

  ".
  A．nature
  B．chance
  C．change
  D．success
  （4）What is the main idea of the passage？

  
  A．Weight loss is the key to kids' mental health.
  B．Focusing on lifestyle changes is the key to kids' health.
  C．Obese and overweight children underestimate （低估） true weight.
  D．A summer weight-loss camp helps improve obese children's health.
  組卷：39引用：3難度：0.7

  解析

第三部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié) （滿分15分）

• 8．假定你是校英文報(bào)記者李華，你校最近新成立了青少年互助中心（Teenagers Help Center），請(qǐng)你在校英文報(bào)上為它寫一篇宣傳稿。內(nèi)容包括：
  （1）該中心成立的目的；
  （2）該中心要開展的活動(dòng)；
  （3）呼吁有需要的同學(xué)加入。
  注意：
  （1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
  （2）請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
  ______
  組卷：3引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) （滿分0分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

• 9．It was rush hour on the morning of June 1 in the West Texas city of San Angelo.Heather Santellano，36，was driving her white Mazda on Houston Harte Frontage Road with her nine-year-old daughter and ten-year-old son in the back.Suddenly，a red truck cut them off.Santellano turned the wheel hard to the right，sending the Mazda skidding off the road and down an embankment （路堤） that ended in a drop-off after about 50 feet.If the car didn't stop，it would fall onto the road some 20 feet below.
      Then a bit of luck：As the car raced toward the edge，its undercarriage got stuck on the embankment shelf，stopping it cold.
      The occupants，however，were far from safe.The car had come to rest on top of a retaining wall （護(hù)墻），hanging on the edge of disaster.One sudden move by anyone inside could send it over.
  Jacob Rodriguez watched the scene from the truck-accessories company where he works.An experienced driver，he whispered a Navy mantra： "Ship，shipmates，self，" then he and four other men ran to the car.They jumped over onto the trunk （后備箱） to balance the weight as the terrified kids in the back seat watched.
      Meanwhile，Julio Vasquez and his nephew，Marco Vasquez，were driving to their jobs at nearby Premier Automotive.Julio jumped out of the car to help while Marco went to the shop，grabbed a heavy-duty belt，and returned to the hanging car.He tied the Mazda to an F-350 truck that had been driven over by one of the other rescuers.With the car secured，the group carefully opened the back doors and helped the children out.
      But when the children got out of the car，it lost its balance.And Santellano was still in the car.If nothing was done immediately，the car would roll down from the embankment and Santellano would be in danger.
  Luckily，the men were still on the trunk._________
  The terrified children ran to their mother quickly as she got off the car.________
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.3

  解析