When Tal Galsworthy was told he needed lifesaving heart operation in 1993，he said no.Galsworthy has Marfan syndrome（馬凡氏綜合癥）.
   Back in 1993，when he was living in the west of England，his doctor told him that the aorta（主動(dòng)脈）in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidable burst unless he underwent major operation.
   "They talked through the options，"says Galsworthy， "but I was not interested.The operation really didn't look attractive." What he particularly didn't like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation，something that would prevent blood clots （血栓）but presented its own risks： "I was riding motorbikes then，and skiing，so my whole lifestyle would have been affected." By 2000，however，his condition had worsened.Realizing something had to be done，Galsworthy put his years of experience as a research and development engineer to good use.He decided he would fix himself. "Learning new stuff and developing new ideas，that was my job，"Galsworthy says.
   The aorta，he thought，needed support on the outside.And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta would require a special operation.So Galsworthy subjected himself to（讓自己接受）30 hours in an MRI scanner and used 3 D printing to create a physical exact copy of the part of his heart. "Luckily，I'd done a lot of work with technical materials，" he says.
   Strong determination coupled with an original yet practical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea.In May 2004，at the age of 47，he became the guinea pig for his own invention.The operation was a success.

（1）Why did Tal Galsworthy refuse the operation at first？

A

A

A．He was afraid of life being affected.
B．A better solution was right on the way.
C．The risk of the operation tended to cause death.
D．He would like to be operated on in his own way.
（2）What helped Galsworthy to fix himself？

C

C

A．Regular exercise.
B．Doctors' suggestions.
C．His creative spirit.
D．His similar experience.
（3）What do the underlined words in the last paragraph "the guinea pig" refer to？

B

B

A．The lovely pet.
B．The experimental subject.
C．The operation assistant.
D．The person to raise money.
（4）Which words can best describe Tal Galsworthy？

D

D

A．Brave and kind.
B．Innovative and favorable.
C．Devoted and generous.
D．Determined and imaginative.