當(dāng)前位置：
試題詳情
We know that our pet dogs and cats can recognize our faces，but our pet fish？A team of scientists from the UK and Australia have discovered that archer-fish（噴水魚） can distinguish human faces!
This marks the first time that a species of fish has shown such an ability.Such abilities have been previously shown in birds，but unlike fish，they have been proven to possess structures similar to the neocortex（大腦新皮層），the researchers added.
"Being able to distinguish between a large number of human faces is a surprisingly difficult task. " Dr Newport said， "mainly due to the fact that all human faces share the same basic features. "
During their experiments，Dr Newport and her colleagues presented archerfish with two images of human faces，and trained them to choose one by spitting jets（噴射流） of water at that picture.Next，the fish were presented with the familiar face and several that were unfamiliar，and were able to correctly pick the one that they had been trained to recognize，even when features such as head shape and color were removed from the selected pictures.
In the first experiment，the archerfish were tasked with picking the previously learned face from a group of 44 new ones，which they did with 81 percent accuracy.In the second，the researchers decided to make things a little harder.They took the pictures and made them black and white and evened out（使平均） the head shapes.You would think that would throw the fish for a loop.But no，they were able to pick the familiar face even then—and with more accuracy：86%!
"Fish have a simpler brain than humans and entirely lack the section of the brain that humans use for recognizing faces.Despite this，fish may still be capable of finding the face they are trained to recognize， " Dr Newport said. "The fact that archerfish can learn this task suggests that complicated brains are not necessarily needed to recognize human faces. "
（1）What does the underlined word "they' in paragraph 2 refer to？ BB
A．Species.
B．Birds.
C．Fish.
D．Abilities.
（2）What does the research show？ CC
A．Archerfish are cleverer than other fishes.
B．All fishes can be trained to recognize human faces.
C．Complex brains are not necessary for facial recognition.
D．It is very difficult for animals to recognize human faces.
（3）What can we infer from the text？ DD
A．Archerfish have a good memory.
B．Archerfish can only recognize human faces.
C．People's similar physical appearance limits archerfish's facial recognition.
D．Archerfish can recognize the familiar face even if its head shape and color are changed.
【考點】自然科學(xué)研究成果；說明文．
【答案】B；C；D
【解答】
【點評】
聲明：本試題解析著作權(quán)屬菁優(yōu)網(wǎng)所有，未經(jīng)書面同意，不得復(fù)制發(fā)布。
發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5
相似題
-
1．Like a tired marriage，the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been dull.E-books，however，are causing heartache.Libraries know they need digital services，but many publishers are too cautious about piracy and lost sales to co-operate.Among the big six publishers，only Random House and Harper Collins license e-books with most libraries.
Publishers are wise to be nervous.Owners of e-readers are exactly the customers they need：book-lovers with money.If these people switch to borrowing e-books instead of buying them，what then？Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient.Unlike printed books，which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles away，book files can be downloaded at home.The files disappear from the device when they are due.
E-lending is not simple，however.There are various incompatible e-book formats，devices and licenses.Most libraries use a company called OverDrive，which secures rights from publishers and provides e-books and audio files in every format.Yet publishers and libraries are worried by OverDrive's global market dominance，as the company can control fees and conditions.Publishers were annoyed when OverDrive cooperated with Amazon，the world's biggest online bookseller，last year.Owners of Amazon's Kindle e-reader who want to borrow e-books from libraries are now redirected to Amazon's website.
According to Pew，an opinion researcher，library users are a perfect market for Amazon.Late last year Amazon introduced its Kindle Owners' Lending Library，which lets its best customers borrow free one of thousands of popular books each month.But a recent Pew survey found that more than half of Americans with library cards say they prefer to buy their e-books.It also noted that e-books actually are available at most libraries，and that popular titles often involve long waiting lists，which may inspire people to buy.
So publishers keep adjusting their lending arrangements in search of the right balance.Random House raised its licensing price earlier this year，and Harper Collins limits libraries to lending its titles 26 times.The story of the library e-book is a nail-biter.
（1）It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that.
A．several big publishers have sold e-books to libraries
B．both libraries and publishers caution the e-book piracy
C．some publishers are hesitant to cooperate with libraries
D．libraries are eager to keep strong relationship with publishers
（2）What worries publishers about people's switch to e-books？
A．The risk of e-book piracy.
B．The possible decline of book sales.
C．No time limit for the downloaded book files.
D．The availability of the incompatible e-book formats.
（3）We can learn from Paragraph 3 and 4 that.
A．Amazon is adopting measures to win more customers
B．OverDrive distributes e-books and audio files to publishers
C．over half of Americans are borrowing e-books from libraries
D．the fees of lending e-books are under the control of publishers
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．The Hopeful Future of Publishing Business
B．The Uncertain Economics of Lending E-books
C．The Dull Relationship between Libraries and Publishers
D．The Close Cooperation between OverDrive and Amazon發(fā)布：2025/1/1 16:0:1組卷：1引用：3難度：0.5 -
2．One day something that upset me happened，bringing（1）
（tear）to my eyes and making me angry.The incident took me out（2）balance and disturbed my inner peace.
To restore calm，I put on my outdoor equipment，picked up my skis（滑雪板）and（3）（go）to the park.I skied at（4）slow steady pace.I listened to the sound of the snow beneath my skis and the wind blowing through the bare branches of the trees.
I was honest with myself，（5）（recognize） that I was angry and could let it go.With each pass around the park，I felt my inner peace returning.I began to hear the birds singing.I noticed the wind had filled in my tracks with snow in some areas，creating a clean snowfield.I felt the（6）（strong）of my arms and legs as they worked together，aiming（7）（make） the skiing an enjoyable experience.I felt the healing power of being in nature.
I forgave（8）（I）for reacting with anger when it served no purpose.I forgave those people，（9）gave me cause to lose my temper.My heart（10）（fill） with light and love for all.發(fā)布：2025/1/1 16:0:1組卷：2引用：2難度：0.9 -
3．Is there a link between social media and depression？Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health？It's complicated.
In a recent study，the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens.（1）Specifically，for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers，she likely had a 0.64-point higher depression score.
A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types of social media users.The finding was that "problematic social media use" was one of the main themes for people whose mental health was affected by social media.You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem，or your alcohol use may become problematic. （2）
There's one important thing to remember about survey research — just because two things happen together，it's not necessarily true that one causes the other.（3）For all we know，it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media.
（4）If you think that we shouldn't paint social media with one broad brush，you're on the right track.On the one hand，participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress.On the other hand，cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants.Some also said that constantly checking their own social media profile was stressful.
It's certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying，comparing yourself to idealized images，and constantly monitoring your profile，are bad for your mood.It's also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages.Given the inconclusive research，it's safe to say that at least we shouldn't write off social media altogether.（5）Anyway，you cannot use it as a crutch（依靠）for coping with other stressors and mental health problems.
A.It's the same with social media.
B.Social media can be a double-edged sword.
C.People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media.
D.They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores.
E.They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks.
F.The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying socially connected.
G.For example，just because higher social media use co-occurs with higher levels of depression doesn't mean social media use causes depression.發(fā)布：2025/1/1 15:0:2組卷：6引用：3難度：0.5