Scientists have long known that humans are built for endurance（耐力）.Now，a new study shows people's hearts are also bettered for endurance - though how much depends on whether we run，farm，or stay put on the sofa.
To get to the heart of the matter，researchers examined the hearts of more than 160 adult men from four groups：long-distance runners，sedentary（久坐的）adults，highly trained football player，and the Tarahumara，native American farmers famous for their running ability.
When researchers compared the thickest of the heart's ventricles（心室），they found there were clear differences.Endurance runners and farmers had larger，longer ventricles with thin walls，which could help pump（輸送）more blood for a long time，the researchers report today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.The football player，whose training was short，high-intensity （高強度的）exercise，had shorter，wider ventricles with thicker walls.So did the sedentary humans.
Because high-intensity activity causes blood pressure to increase for a short amount of time，such shorter ventricle，thick walls，and rounder shapes are good for the football players，researchers say，by making sure enough blood is pumped to the brain.But even without those pressures， a couch potato lifestyle seems to result in the same kind of thickening.
But sedentary readers shouldn't feel heartbroken - the researchers said that changes in heart shape are likely reversible（可逆轉(zhuǎn)的）with more endurance activities.
（1）What does the new study find out？（NO MORE THAN 8 WORDS） People's hearts are also bettered for endurance.People's hearts are also bettered for endurance.
（2）How many groups did the researchers examine？（NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS） Four.Four.
（3）Who had larger and longer ventricles with thin walls？（NO MORE THAN 4 WORDS） Endurance runners and farmers.Endurance runners and farmers.
（4）What does the underlined phrase "a couch potato lifestyle" mean？（You can use Chinese） 久坐的生活方式。久坐的生活方式。
（5）Jimmy is a computer engineer who has to work for long hours on computer.Which of the following ventricle and walls may suit him according to the passage？ CC
A.
B.
C.
D.
【考點】人與自我．
【答案】People's hearts are also bettered for endurance.；Four.；Endurance runners and farmers.；久坐的生活方式。；C
【解答】
【點評】
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發(fā)布：2024/6/27 10:35:59組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5
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