Cities are likely to be affected by overheating，thanks to something called the urban heat island effect.Cities tend to be short of trees，which provide shade，and they are covered with black pavement，which absorbs heat from the sun.Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day.A black shirt absorbs light，heating you up.But a white shirt reflects light，keeping you cool.
The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees hotter than surrounding areas.That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly.
As temperatures rise，cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave.To protect public health，city officials are going to make the city cooler.
As part of that effort，Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal，a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt（瀝青）.It will help Angelinos save money during the summer，when air conditioning sends power bills soaring.And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality.Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog，which can make life miserable for people with asthma（哮喘）and other breathing problems.
Of course，LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city.Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops - at least those not already covered in solar panels.While LA is a pioneer of reflective streets，other cities，like New York，are already experimenting with reflective roofs or，like Melbourne，lowering the temperature by planting trees.LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.
"This is an urgent challenge，and it's much bigger than one person，" said Mayor Garctti in a recent statement. "Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day. "
（1）What may contribute to the urban heat island effect？ DD
A．Planting more trees in the streets.
B．Applying reflective paint to rooftops.
C．Covering the streets with white paint.
D．Covering the streets with black paint.
（2）Which of the following may concern city officials during hot summer？ AA
A．How to make the city cooler.
B．Where to wear a white shirt.
C．When to cut off the electricity supply.
D．Why to coat the roads with black paint.
（3）What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal？ DD
A．Increasing the indoor activities.
B．Reducing the number of cold days.
C．Promoting the sale of air conditioners.
D．Making life easier and more comfortable.
（4）What's the main idea of the passage？ CC
A．L.A.jye.ai on people to fight against global warming.
B．L.A.realizes the necessity to plant trees in the streets.
C．L.A.jye.ai painting its streets white to keep the city cool.
D．L.A.jye.ai difficulty in fighting against heat.
【答案】D；A；D；C
【解答】
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】
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發(fā)布：2025/1/1 12:0:1組卷：9引用：3難度：0.5
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2．A few weeks ago，I sat with a California farmer named Dave Ribeiro．I asked him what he wished to know about farmers．He smiled and said， "That we walk among you．We look like you and talk like you．We have advanced degrees and hobbies，just like you．"
Take Dave for example：He's a young man with a music degree．And if you walked past him on the street，you'd never think， "There goes a farmer．"
Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer？Probably not．I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls（工作服）．I can tell you，that does not represent Dave or any of the many other farmers I have gotten to know．
Not only do we have to throw out our previous impression of farmers，but farming as a whole doesn't look much like it used to either．We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like，and they found farmers to be completely different from our usual ideas about them and also came across them in some unexpected places．
In a parking lot in a neighborhood of Brooklyn，they met a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical（垂直的） farms．In a Florida field under the fight path of an airport，they discovered farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars．And in a modern farm in California，they observed how farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals．
These farmers all spend their days in very different ways-none of them looks like the previous farmer we have in our mind-but they're all working on new ways to feed our planet．Not only do we need to change our idea of what farming looks like，but we also need to change our view of where solutions can come from．Feeding all of us is going to take all of us working together．
（1）How does Dave describe today's farmers？
A．They often walk on the street．
B．They are leading a very busy life．
C．They are similar to ordinary people．
D．They have little time to make friends．
（2）How does the author think most people see farmers？
A．They usually wear overalls．
B．They have interesting hobbies．
C．They are skilled at growing crops．
D．They know modern farming practices．
（3）What was the purpose of the team？
A．To deepen connections among farmers．
B．To study different technologies in farming．
C．To find the new developments of modern farming．
D．To encourage farmers to use new farming method．
（4）What do the farmers mentioned in Paragraph 5 have in common？
A．They all work in the city．
B．They all use high technology．
C．They all do hard physical work．
D．They all work with universities．發(fā)布：2025/1/1 18:0:1組卷：26引用：5難度：0.7 -
3．Your child is unique，but what all children have in common is natural curiosity and an ability to learn they are born with.Our brains are active all the time，and a baby's brain is the busiest of all.Research has shown that babies begin to understand language about twice as fast as they actually speak it.By showing children other languages at an early age，you are giving them the opportunity to make use of their natural ability to hear and recognize between the sounds of other languages，and their ability to make sense of what they are hearing.
Communication is something that children do to help them achieve something else，and they are unaware of the large amount of learning taking place.They take everything in through their senses，making connections between what they hear，see，smell，taste and touch.As long as we provide the right conditions，their learning and development will take place in a natural way.
In your child's early years，the emotional environment is just as important as the physical environment.Children learn when they feel safe，happy，valued and listened to.This is central to any learning experience in a child's early years，including learning an additional language.Your child has a trial-and-error approach to its development，and making mistakes is a valuable part of the learning process.When children learn an additional language at an early age，they get the benefits of experimenting with that language as a natural part of their development.Their progress isn't prevented by a fear of getting it wrong，and very young children are simply working their way towards getting it right.
The long-term benefits of learning another language go beyond being able to communicate with others.Studies suggest that children learning an additional language tend to score better on standardized tests because learning languages develops listening，observation，problem-solving and critical （批判性的） thinking skills.These are skills that are of life-long benefit，both personally and professionally.Encouraging in children a love of language at an early age prepares them well for school and for life.
（1）What do we know about Children according to Paragraph 1？
A．Children are busy playing.
B．Children are born to speak.
C．Children are good at speaking native language.
D．Children have a better ability to learn other languages.
（2）While learning a language，children.
A．speak to themselves
B．need to have language classes
C．make use of their different senses
D．notice how much they have learned
（3）Children learn when they.
A．a(chǎn)re in bad emotion
B．do not make mistakes
C．learn from their mistakes
D．a(chǎn)re taught by their teachers
（4）In fact learning another language helps children to.
A．take more tests
B．have a good time
C．encourage themselves
D．develop life-long skills發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:30:2組卷：4引用：3難度：0.5
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