當(dāng)前位置：人教版（2019）必修1《Unit 4 Natural disasters》2019年單元測試卷（1）> 試題詳情

Five years after a deadly earthquake and tsunami hit Japan，recovery remains years away．
   More than 16，000 people died in the disaster and more than 470，000 were removed from their homes，says the Japanese Red Cross Society．Over 2，500 people are still missing and predicted dead．After pressure from survivors，the Japanese Coast Guard began underwater searches for the missing．
   In Fukushima，more than 100，000 families still cannot return home，says the Red Cross Society．This is because of radioactive pollution from the damaged Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant．
   In Japan，the disaster is known as "3-1-1"，marking the date five years ago．
   It was really three disasters rolled into one．
   "It started with an earthquake devastating（毀滅） in itself，then the tsunami，and then the radiation from the nuclear plant，" said Shioko Goto，a Japan expert at the Wilson Center in Washington，D．C.Goto said the disaster showed the world "Japanese resilience（快速恢復(fù)的能力） and Japanese unity．"
   But it also showed shortcomings．Among the most notable，the long time it took to stabilize the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after it was flooded from the tsunami，Goto said．That process took eight months．Another，Japan's dependence on nuclear power，she said．The disaster forced Japan to close all of its nuclear power plants，leaving parts of the country without electricity．
   Goto offered up one major difference from the last major Japanese disaster，the 1995 Kobe Earthquake．In 2011，social media was everywhere，she said．Social media offered up plenty of "unfounded rumors and fearmongering（制造恐慌），" Goto said．
   But it also kept pressure on Japanese authorities to do more．Chikara Yoshida lost his only son，a 43-year-old volunteer fireman，on March 11，2011．He and his daughter posted a petition（請?jiān)笗?on Facebook to restart underwater searches．It drew over 28，000 signatures，according to the Associated Press．
   The Japanese Coast Guard announced that it would resume searches this week．There have also been complaints that reconstruction efforts in hard-hit northern Japanese communities have been too slow．This week，Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe said the government will respond．

（1）The number of the people who died in the disaster is
B
B
．
A．more than 18，500
B．over 16，000
C．over 470，000
D．more than 2，500
（2）What are the three disasters rolling into one？
D
D

A．Nuclear power，tsunami and earthquake．
B．Flood，earthquake and tsunami．
C．Flood，tsunami and nuclear power．
D．Earthquake，tsunami and nuclear radiation．
（3）Which of the following statements is true？
C
C

A．In Fukushima，more than 10，000 families still cannot return home．
B．The disaster forced Japan to close most of its nuclear power plants．
C．Japanese authorities were forced to do more after the disaster．
D．Chikara Yoshida and his daughter posted a petition on the Associated Press．
（4）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
D
D

A．The government can't afford such a large sum of money in reconstruction efforts．
B．People complained reconstruction efforts in hard-hit northern Japanese communities have been too slow．
C．People in hard-hit northern communities have had a happy life since the disaster．
D．The government may take measures to promote reconstruction．

【考點(diǎn)】說明文．

【答案】B；D；C；D

【解答】

【點(diǎn)評】

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發(fā)布：2024/4/20 14:35:0組卷：20引用：1難度：0.5

相似題

1．When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes，which should come first-changing your diet or becoming more physically active？
   Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging.That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually，and set smaller goals.
   So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were age 45 or older into four groups.One group was instructed about making diet and fitness changes at the same time，the second group was taught about diet changes first，then fitness changes four months later，the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later，and the final，control group was not instructed about either diet or fitness changes but about how to manage their stress.
   The researchers tracked the groups for a full year.Compared to the control group，the three intervention（干預(yù)）groups made healthy changes in their diet.Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months.However，at the end of the year，the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels，while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year.The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity.
   The findings show，however，that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives.If folks change diet and exercise orderly，the scientists say，they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to address the second set.

（1）The advice mentioned in the second paragraph seemed

.
A．popular
B．dangerous
C．scientific
D．unsatisfactory
（2）Which group made progress earlier than other groups in increasing the amount of daily exercise？

A．The first group.
B．The second group.
C．The third group.
D．The control group.
（3）The reason why those improving their nutrition first failed to meet the levels of fitness after a year might be that

.
A．they might be very lazy
B．they wouldn't like to change their behavior
C．it is much harder to change physical activity
D．they might put on weight before changing their physical activity
（4）Which of the following does the author probably approve of？

A．Pairing diet and exercise changes.
B．Becoming more physically active first.
C．Changing diet and exercise following a fixed order.
D．Changing diet first and placing more importance on it.
發(fā)布：2024/11/13 2:30:1組卷：11引用：2難度：0.5
解析
2．How to Choose Extracurricular Activities From sports to clubs to outside organizations，there are many activities to take part in outside the classroom.（1）

Fortunately，it becomes quite easy once you figure out what you enjoy doing in general.With a little more careful thought，you can also choose an activity that interests you.
   Think about your interests and know your advantages.Before you start considering specific（具體的）activities，take a step back .Think about what excites you and find your passions（熱情） .（2）

Now that you have a better idea of what you like to do in general，decide on those that you are good at.Ask yourself what skills they show.Then find activities that require the same ones.Make sure that you will enjoy yourself by choosing an activity that lets you shine.
   （3）

In addition to your interests and advantages，know what you would like to improve about yourself.Use activities as a way to make yourself better.Find out new challenges，without the added stress of having to earn good grades at them.You can use activities to develop general skills that you may not have.
   Find out what activities are available（可用的）and look into each one .（4）

If the website seems incomplete，talk with your teacher or parents.Also look for calendar details，such as start-and-end dates，plus event schedules，to make sure it won't get in the way of anything else going on in your life.Once you have a list of activities that match your interests，do a little research. （5）

A.Think about skills you want to develop.
B.This can make choosing one a little difficult.
C.Use your freshman year to explore your choices.
D.In this way，you will have a better idea of what to expect.
E.Also make sure that their culture is a good match for your own personality.
F.Use those to decide on activities that will keep you interested for a long time.
G.Search your school's website for a complete list of all the activities it provides.
發(fā)布：2024/11/12 16:0:1組卷：5引用：5難度：0.5
解析
3．Boredom is a common human experience.It's almost impossible to fully avoid it，especially when you're living a fast-paced life.You may be bored from time to time and feel like you need something new or exciting in your life.It's perfectly natural to feel this way from time to time，but feeling bored often can also mean that your present life isn't satisfying you as much as it can.
   When you feel bored，think about what activities bring you joy and happiness.Perhaps you find that hobbies are what help improve your spirits.After all，having interests and pursuing （追求） them can often have a great effect on the quality of your life and how satisfied you feel.If this sounds like something that would be good for your life，we have some great ideas for hobbies to pursue when you're bored!
   One of the easiest and most effective （有效的） ways to relieve （解除） boredom is to take exercise.Exercise is not only good for your body but also your mind.When your body is moving，it releases （釋放） certain chemicals that make you feel good.Learning a new language is another way to challenge yourself and become more creative.It can also open up a whole new culture and way of thinking for you!Many people find that learning a new language gives them a sense of achievement that they don't get from other hobbies.
   Furthermore，reading is a hobby that can be enjoyed by almost anyone.It's inexpensive，easy to fit into your plan and can be done just about anywhere.It doesn't require special equipment or supplies，and you can do it alone or with others.The last way to avoid feeling bored inside is to spend time outdoors.Find a place to go where you can get away from the noise and other troubles.You may find that being outside offers a sense of peace and calmness.
   Boredom is a common part of life，so we shouldn't try to avoid it completely.Boredom can be a sign that you need a change in your daily life and something new to try.If you find yourself feeling bored，use these ideas to find new hobbies.After all，hobbies can greatly enrich your life and help you feel more satisfied!

（1）Which will make us bored according to the text？

A．Our life is exciting.
B．We don't have a fast-paced life.
C．Our present life doesn't satisfy us.
D．We live a peaceful and happy life.
（2）What can we learn from the text？

A．Most people feel satisfied with life all the time.
B．Reading a book requires special equipment and supplies.
C．All of us should try our best to avoid boredom completely.
D．Taking exercise is an effective way to keep off boredom.
（3）How many ways to relieve boredom are mentioned in the text？

A．Five.
B．Four.
C．Three.
D．Two.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？

A．It is possible to avoid boredom
B．Several activities can help relieve boredom
C．Learning a new language makes us more creative
D．Our body can release chemicals when we are moving
發(fā)布：2024/11/14 4:30:2組卷：5引用：5難度：0.3
解析

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