當前位置：外研版（2019）選修2《Unit 5 On the road》2021年單元測試卷> 試題詳情

In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses，and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this.A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help，he replies，"No，thanks.I've got a good horse under me."
   The city planner decided to build an underground drainage（排水） system，but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.
   An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.
   This of course created a new problem：dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice：either change the first floors of their buildings into basements，and the second stories into main floors，or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large，heavy structures like Tremont Hotel，which was a six-story brick building？
   That's where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel，Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews （螺旋千斤頂） beneath the building's foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time，thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly，the Tremont Hotel stay open during the entire operation，and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening.
   Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.But in Chicago's early history，every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River，the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.

（1）The author mentions the joke to show
D
D
.
A．horses were fairly useful in Chicago
B．the Chicago people were particularly humorous
C．Chicago was very dangerous in the spring
D．Chicago's streets were extremely muddy
（2）The underlined word "hoist" in Paragraph 4 means "
B
B
"．
A．change
B．lift
C．repair
D．decorate
（3）The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to
A
A
.
A．build the pipes above ground
B．lower the Chicago River
C．fight against heavy floods
D．get rid of the street dirt
（4）The passage is mainly about the early Chicago's
C
C
.
A．popular life styles and their influences
B．environmental disasters and their causes
C．engineering problems and their solutions
D．successful businessmen and their achievements

【考點】社會；說明文．

【答案】D；B；A；C

【解答】

【點評】

聲明：本試題解析著作權屬菁優(yōu)網所有，未經書面同意，不得復制發(fā)布。

當前模式為游客模式，立即登錄查看試卷全部內容及下載

發(fā)布：2024/5/27 14:0:0組卷：9引用：2難度：0.5

相似題

1．It's school time again!You're probably feeling excited and maybe a little sad for the vacation is over.Some kids feel nervous or a little scared on the first day of school because of all the new things：new teachers，new friends，and maybe even a new school.Luckily，these "new" worries only stick around for a little while.Let's find out more about going back to school.
   Most teachers kick off the school year by introducing themselves and talking about what you'll be doing that year.Some teachers give students a chance to tell something about themselves to the rest of the class.
   When teachers do the talking on the first day，they often go over classroom rules so you'll know what's allowed and what's not.Pay close attention so you'll know if you need to raise your hand to ask a question and what the rules are about visiting the restroom.
   You might already know a lot of people in your class on the first day.But it's a great day to make new friends，so try to say "hello" to the kids you know and the new ones that you don't.Make the first move and you'll be glad about what you did and so will your new friends!
   Most teachers let you pick your own seat on the first day，but by the second or third morning，they'll have mapped out a seating plan.It's a good idea to write down where your seat is in your notebook so you don't forget.
   Here are a few final tips for a fantastic（奇異的）first day：Get enough sleep；Have a healthy breakfast；Try your best；Develop good work habits，like writing down your assignments（作業(yè)）and handing in your homework on time；Take your time with schoolwork；If you don't understand something，ask the teacher.

（1）In the second paragraph the underlined phrase "kick off" most probably means "

".
A．jump over
B．start
C．talk about
D．finish
（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？

A．All students feel excited about a new term.
B．All teachers let students pick their seats.
C．New school worries do not last very long.
D．Being hard-working helps make new friends.
（3）If students have any questions，it's suggested that they should

.
A．turn to their teachers
B．write them down
C．ask their parents
D．help with each other
發(fā)布：2024/11/8 3:0:3組卷：1引用：1難度：0.6
解析
2．One of the most important things in the world is friendship.In order to have friends，you have to be a friend.But how can you be a good friend at school？
   Listen-Listen when they are talking.Don't say anything unless they ask you a question.Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say；they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.
   Help them-If your friend is ever in need of something，be there to help them.You should try to put them first，but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do.Try to take an extra pencil or pen with you to classes in case（以防）they forget one.Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.
   Be there for them-Try to make something for your friend to help make them feel better in hard times.Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend.Marilyn Monroe，a famous U.S.actor，once said，"I often make mistakes.Sometimes I am out of control.But if you can't stay with me at my worst，you are sure not to deserve（值得）to be with me at my best." Always remember this！If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times，then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!
   _________-Try to organize some activities with your friends ahead of time.Go shopping，go for ice cream，have a party，go to a movie and so on.Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy.By planning things together，you both can have a good time.And you'll remember these things when you're all old!

（1）While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings，what should you do？

A．To give him or her some advice.
B．To just listen unless asked.
C．To calm him or her down.
D．To share your feelings as well.
（2）What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words？

A．Life without a friend is death.
B．A friend is easier lost than found.
C．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
D．A man is known by his friends.
（3）Which of the following can be put in the blank of the last paragraph？

A．Make plans.
B．Enjoy yourself.
C．Understand your friends.
D．Play with your friends.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？

A．How to find a good friend.
B．How to help friends in trouble.
C．How to be a good friend.
D．How to make more friends.
發(fā)布：2024/11/8 3:0:3組卷：1引用：1難度：0.6
解析
3．The term "graffiti" is an Italian word meaning scratching or scribbling（亂涂）．It entered the English language in the 1850s，specifically to describe the casual wall writing that experts found in Pompeii and the Roman tombs．Originally a term used only in ancient scribbling，the word has undergone considerable expansion of meaning in the past 75 years so that it now refers to any written message on a wall．Graffiti are characterized by their casualness；if they were more formal，they would be known as inscriptions（銘文）．
   The first piece of graffiti was found on one of the walls of the city Pompeii，which was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD．It was one of 1，600 pieces of graffiti uncovered in Pompeii during a dig in the 19th century．Not surprisingly，there is much evidence of graffiti writing on the pyramid and temples of ancient Egypt．It is likely that ever since people have had walls and materials to scratch or paint with，they have been engaged in this simplest form of communication．
   The writing of graffiti gives people a unique opportunity to achieve some kind of public audience．Thus short poems，declarations of love，pieces of political and revolutionary polemic（論戰(zhàn)），and criticisms of institutions and people form a significant part of graffiti．
   Apart from its usefulness in terms of self-expression，graffiti is also a valuable source for historians．There is always the possibility that historical events may be recorded by the presence of graffiti．Perhaps the most interesting example of this is the graffiti relating to the gladiatorial（角斗士） contests held in Pompeii．Graffiti can also give us a unique view into the daily life and customs of a people，for its casual expression encourages the recording of details that more formal writing would tend to ignore．
    In the late 1970s，graffiti became popular．A thought written on a toilet wall in Wolverhampton can now be read in Chicago or Adelaide．In its own way，this is probably the most fascinating example of McLuhan's concept of "the global village"． We now have a worldwide toilet wall．

（1）According to the first paragraph，graffiti

．
A．is another name for "inscription"
B．got its name from the English language
C．was born in the 1850s
D．Mainly refers to casual writing or pictures on walls
（2）What can be inferred from the second paragraph？

A．Graffiti has a long history．
B．Graffiti is an attractive form of art．
C．Graffiti made the ancient city Pompeii famous．
D．Graffiti was ancient Egyptian's main way of communication．
（3）What does the third and fourth paragraphs mainly tell us？

A．Graffiti's great value．
B．Graffiti's features．
C．Graffiti's way of expression．
D．Graffiti's connection with people's daily life．
（4）The graffiti relating to the gladiatorial contests is mentioned in the passage to prove that

．
A．graffiti can show people's customs
B．graffiti can provide valuable historical evidence
C．graffiti was mainly used to record important events
D．graffiti can provide more detailed information than formal writing
（5）The underlined sentence in the last paragraph implies that

．
A．the presence of graffiti makes the world closely connected
B．the concept of "the global village" is famous worldwide
C．graffiti ha become very popular all over the world
D．people like using toilet walls to share their graffiti
發(fā)布：2024/11/8 5:0:1組卷：50難度：0.6
解析

把好題分享給你的好友吧~~