當(dāng)前位置： 2021-2022學(xué)年吉林省洮南一中高三（上）第四次月考英語(yǔ)試卷> 試題詳情

Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits-including making your brain sharper.
   Yes，it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attention.There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning，possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance.Losing weight，therefore，may help improve these mental functions，according to a new research led by John Gunstad，assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.
   Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits（缺陷）.So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function.For their study，they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants，some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not.All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study，and again 12 weeks later.To begin with，about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested.At the end of the study，those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions.Scores for the volunteers who didn't lose weight dropped even further.
   The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function.Now that he's seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention，he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way-eating healthier and getting more active.He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. "If we can improve the condition with operations，then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well，" he says.

（1）There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers
C
C
.
A．believe overweight only affects our body
B．have focused on ways to sharpen people's mind
C．do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability
D．a(chǎn)re clear about the relation between weight and mental functions
（2）The result of Gunstad's study shows that
B
B
.
A．losing weight has little effect on people s memory
B．losing weight can improve people's mental functions
C．overweight people are likely to have psychological problems
D．overweight people's abilities of concentration differ greatly
（3）What is Gunstad planning to prove next in his research？
D
D

A．Slim people are smarter than overweight people.
B．Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight.
C．Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operations.
D．Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？
D
D

A．Body Weight and Health
B．Losing Weight by Operations
C．Ways to Improve Mental Functions
D．Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind

【考點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文．

【答案】C；B；D；D

【解答】

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發(fā)布：2024/6/27 10:35:59組卷：8引用：2難度：0.5

相似題

1．At the beginning of Grade Two，I joined the cross-country running team in our school.
   When I came to the first practice，I was filled with optimism.But as the distance we ran in each practice gradually increased from three to four，to six miles，I realized with surprise that no matter how hard I tried，I wasn't able to run as fast as others.In fact，I was one of the slowest on the team.
   What was the point of putting myself through so much pain？After the first few weeks，I wanted to quit.
   Then we had our first cross-country meet.
   When we started the race，I felt the great pressure of expectations sink onto my shoulders.And after a while I stopped running and struggled to walk up the hill.But then I heard my coaches shouting my name from the top of the hill.I felt confused and embarrassed；why were they cheering for me？I was running terribly!As I tried my best to finish the race，I realized that my coaches didn't care how fast I ran.Neither did my teammates.During the rest of the season，they were always on the sidelines of every race，cheering for me just as loudly as they'd cheered for the front runner.
   From then on，I began to put my effort into supporting my teammates instead of focusing on my own performance.In that way，I celebrated my teammates' victories as if they were my own；I felt their pain and exhaustion as if they were my own.
   Cross-country running made me realize I don't need to be the best to be successful in life.It taught me to value my relationships with people more than my relationship with my ego.It taught me to cheer for others even if I don't know their names.

（1）Why did the author want to give up after the first few weeks？

A．He had much pain in his knees.
B．He didn't perform well in long-distance running.
C．He couldn't get along well with others
D．He showed no interest in running.
（2）Which of the following can best describe the coaches？

A．Strict and hard-hearted.
B．Brave and adventurous.
C．Considerate and supportive.
D．Optimistic and humorous.
（3）After his first cross-country race，the author

.
A．lost himself in victories
B．put more effort into his study
C．received more support from his coaches
D．started caring about his teammates
（4）What did the author realize from his experience？

A．The importance of team spirit
B．The value of competition
C．The secret of winning a race
D．The benefits of doing sports
發(fā)布：2024/11/7 19:30:1組卷：5引用：7難度：0.5
解析
2．We all know that regular exercise is good for us．In recent years we've been told to aim to walk 10，000 steps a day to remain healthy，although other advice to do three 10-minute walks a day is thought to be even more effective．But the latest piece of research might put a spring in your step if you're someone who walks at a fast pace．That's because，according to scientists，the speed at which people walk in their 40s is a sign of how much their brains，as well as their bodies，are ageing．
   The BBC's Philippa Roxby writes that tests on 1，000 people from New Zealand born in the 1970s found that slower walkers tended to show signs of "accelerated ageing"．Their lungs，teeth and immune systems were in worse shape than those who walked faster．And to add insult to injury，the study found not only did slower walkers' bodies age more quickly，their faces looked older and they had smaller brains．Professor Terrie，lead author of the study，told the BBC： "It found that a slow walk is a problem sign decades before old age．"
   This might be seen as a wake-up call for people with a slower pace who might feel it's time to work out and get fitter．But it might be too late；researchers say they were able to predict the walking speed of 45-year-olds using the results of intelligence，language and motor skills tests from when they were aged three．They also suggest that even in early life，there are signs showing which people will go on to have a healthier life．
   So，what's the point of knowing that a slower walking pace might mean a smaller brain？Well，researchers say measuring walking speed at a younger age，and understanding what this might mean，could be a way of testing treatments to slow human ageing．This might help us make lifestyle changes while we're still young and healthy．Any steps we can take to prolong a good mental and physical state is a no brainer!

（1）What is the text mainly about？

A．Walking and health．
B．Slow walking and ageing．
C．The way of slowing ageing．
D．The standard walking pace．
（2）What does the latest research show？

A．Walking 10，000 steps a day helps keep fit．
B．A slower walker is healthier than a faster walker．
C．Slower walkers are easy to have slower brains．
D．Ageing signs of slow walkers arise earlier than fast walkers．
（3）What does the underlined words "wake-up call" refer to in paragraph 3？

A．Challenge．
B．Potential．
C．Reminder．
D．Solution．
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？

A．Testing walking speed before old age makes sense．
B．It's important to keep fit both physically and mentally．
C．Walking pace is connected with health and ageing．
D．Walking speed at a young age determines one's longevity．
發(fā)布：2024/11/7 15:30:4組卷：23引用：1難度：0.8
解析
3．Top 5 Travel Destinations in China ★ Yunnan — a colorful wonderland
   Yunnan is the most diverse （多種多樣的） and colorful area in China.You can admire different views，such as snowcapped mountains，rainforests，highland lakes，historical sites and amazing minority villages.It is famous worldwide for the Old Town of Lijiang，which has a history of over 800 years.
   ★ Guilin — the place to go for classic Chinese countryside
   "East to west，Guilin is best." Guilin's countryside scenery （風(fēng)景） draws millions of tourists from near and far every year.Its unique limestone（石灰?guī)r） scenery is known as "the most beautiful on earth".The Li River is the most beautiful sight in Guilin，which attracts many photographers in spring and fall.
   ★ Chengdu — the city of cute giant pandas
   Giant pandas are so cute that many travelers want to see these lovely animals.Though there are giant pandas in zoos in many places around China，the best place to see them is in Chengdu.Visitors can also take part in volunteer programs to take care of giant pandas.
   ★ Tibet — nothing but pure beauty
   Tibet is an attractive destination for many tourists.It is best known for rich Tibetan culture，unique
   Tibetan architectural structures，extremely large grasslands，herds （群） of sheep，blue skies，clear water and fresh air.
   ★Zhangjiajie
   Zhangjiajie is famous for its high peaks （山峰），clear rivers，thick forests and diverse plants and animals.It is a must-see scenic area in China.Many foreign travelers' attention was attracted to it through the filming of the movie Avatar.

（1）What is Yunnan famous for？

A．The Old Town of Lijiang.
B．The rich Tibetan culture.
C．The highland lakes.
D．The unique limestone scenery.
（2）What can visitors enjoy in Guilin？

A．Exploring minority villages.
B．Seeing herds of sheep.
C．Climbing the high peaks.
D．Admiring countryside scenery.
（3）Where should visitors go if they desire to see the cute and lovely animals？

A．Yunnan.
B．Guilin.
C．Chengdu.
D．Tibet.
發(fā)布：2024/11/7 15:30:1組卷：1引用：4難度：0.5
解析

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