Grown---ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.Another who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle，twinkle，little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
   One explanation is the law of overlearning，which can be started as follows：Once we have learned something，additional learning practice increases the length of time we will remember it.
   In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing basketball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle，twinkle，little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but overlearn.
   The multiplication tables（乘法口訣表）are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
   The law of overlearning explains why cramming（死記硬背）for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for one's future development.

（1）What is the main idea of paragraph 1？

D

D

A．Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
B．Stories for children are easy to remember.
C．Children have a better memory than grow-ups.
D．People remember well what they learned in childhood.
（2）The author explained the law of overlearning by

B

B

.
A．giving research findings
B．using examples
C．making a comparison
D．setting down basic rules
（3）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 5 refer to？

C

C

A．the law.
B．overlearning.
C．cramming.
D．examination.
（4）What is the author's opinion on cramming？

D

D

A．It leads to failure in exams.
B．It increases students' learning interest.
C．It's possible to result in poor memory.
D．It's helpful only in a limited way.